Oberlin College, Department of Psychology, 120 W. Lorain St., Oberlin, OH 44074, USA; Yale School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, CMHC, 34 Park Street, New Haven, CT 06519, USA.
Yale School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, CMHC, 34 Park Street, New Haven, CT 06519, USA.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2018 Jul 1;188:60-63. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2018.03.029. Epub 2018 Apr 26.
Adolescent e-cigarette use (i.e., "vaping") likely confers risk for developing nicotine dependence. However, there have been no studies assessing e-cigarette nicotine dependence in youth. We evaluated the psychometric properties of the 4-item Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Nicotine Dependence Item Bank for E-cigarettes (PROMIS-E) for assessing youth e-cigarette nicotine dependence and examined risk factors for experiencing stronger dependence symptoms.
In 2017, 520 adolescent past-month e-cigarette users completed the PROMIS-E during a school-based survey (50.5% female, 84.8% White, 16.22[1.19] years old). Adolescents also reported on sex, grade, race, age at e-cigarette use onset, vaping frequency, nicotine e-liquid use, and past-month cigarette smoking. Analyses included conducting confirmatory factor analysis and examining the internal consistency of the PROMIS-E. Bivariate correlations and independent-samples t-tests were used to examine unadjusted relationships between e-cigarette nicotine dependence and the proposed risk factors. Regression models were run in which all potential risk factors were entered as simultaneous predictors of PROMIS-E scores.
The single-factor structure of the PROMIS-E was confirmed and evidenced good internal consistency. Across models, larger PROMIS-E scores were associated with being in a higher grade, initiating e-cigarette use at an earlier age, vaping more frequently, using nicotine e-liquid (and higher nicotine concentrations), and smoking cigarettes.
Adolescent e-cigarette users reported experiencing nicotine dependence, which was assessed using the psychometrically sound PROMIS-E. Experiencing stronger nicotine dependence symptoms was associated with characteristics that previously have been shown to confer risk for frequent vaping and tobacco cigarette dependence.
青少年使用电子烟（即“ vaping ”）可能会增加尼古丁依赖的风险。但是，目前尚无研究评估青少年电子烟的尼古丁依赖。我们评估了 4 项患者报告的结果测量信息系统电子烟尼古丁依赖项目库（ PROMIS-E ）评估青少年电子烟尼古丁依赖的心理测量特性，并研究了经历更强的依赖症状的危险因素。
2017 年，520 名青少年过去一个月电子烟使用者在基于学校的调查中完成了 PROMIS-E （女性占 50.5％，白人占 84.8％，年龄为 16.22[1.19]岁）。青少年还报告了性别，年级，种族，电子烟使用起始年龄，吸食频率，尼古丁电子烟液使用和过去一个月的吸烟情况。分析包括进行验证性因素分析和检查 PROMIS-E 的内部一致性。使用双变量相关和独立样本 t 检验来检查电子烟尼古丁依赖与所提出的危险因素之间的未调整关系。回归模型中，所有潜在的危险因素均被作为 PROMIS-E 得分的同时预测因素输入。
PROMIS-E 的单因素结构得到确认，并具有良好的内部一致性。在所有模型中， PROMIS-E 得分较高与年级较高，电子烟使用起始年龄较早，吸食频率较高，使用尼古丁电子烟液（和较高的尼古丁浓度）以及吸烟有关。
青少年电子烟使用者报告经历了尼古丁依赖，这是通过具有良好心理测量特性的 PROMIS-E 来评估的。经历更强的尼古丁依赖症状与先前显示会增加频繁吸食电子烟和烟草香烟依赖的特征有关。
