Avery B P, Parmley E J, Reid-Smith R J, Daignault D, Finley R L, Irwin R J
Laboratory for Foodborne Zoonoses, Public Health Agency of Canada, Guelph, ON.
Laboratory for Foodborne Zoonoses, Public Health Agency of Canada, Saint Hyacinthe, QC.
Can Commun Dis Rep. 2014 Nov 7;40(Suppl 2):29-35. doi: 10.14745/ccdr.v40is2a05.
The Canadian Integrated Program for Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance (CIPARS) is a collaborative, integrated program designed to track antimicrobial resistance (AMR) among enteric bacteria isolated from various livestock commodities along the food-producing continuum ("farm to fork") and in humans.
To provide a summary of the prevalence and trends in AMR among select bacteria isolated from raw, fresh chicken, pork, and beef in 2012 at the retail food level and to link these data with other findings from CIPARS.
Meat samples were collected from randomly selected geographic areas across Canada weighted by population for subsequent isolation of bacteria and interpretation of the associated AMR profiles. and generic () were tested in chicken, and was tested in beef and pork. Data were analyzed for 2012 and temporal and regional trends were examined between 2003 and 2012 by province/region.
Overall, resistance levels to in retail chicken varied widely by region and year. For example, ceftiofur resistance to in retail chicken was significantly lower in 2012 than in 2004 in Ontario and in Québec; however, among all regions sampled, resistance was significantly higher in 2012 compared to 2006. Across all regions sampled, resistance to in retail chicken was relatively low in 2012 (<16%) with the exception of tetracycline resistance. In 2012, ciprofloxacin resistance to in chicken declined in British Columbia but significantly increased in Ontario, compared to 2011. In 2012, β-lactam resistance to in retail beef remained low (≤1%) and was also relatively low comparable to previous years in pork.
In Canada, as is the case worldwide, there is evidence of resistance to medically important antimicrobials among bacteria from retail meats. Resistance among organisms isolated from poultry, beef, and pork at the retail food level is characterized by wide variation over time and across different regions.
加拿大抗菌药物耐药性监测综合项目（CIPARS）是一个合作性的综合项目，旨在追踪从食品生产连续环节（“从农场到餐桌”）的各种家畜产品以及人类中分离出的肠道细菌的抗菌药物耐药性（AMR）。
总结2012年零售食品层面从生鲜鸡肉、猪肉和牛肉中分离出的特定细菌的AMR流行情况和趋势，并将这些数据与CIPARS的其他研究结果相联系。
从加拿大各地随机选择的地理区域采集肉类样本，并根据人口加权，随后分离细菌并解读相关的AMR谱。在鸡肉中检测了 和通用型（ ），在牛肉和猪肉中检测了 。对2012年的数据进行了分析，并按省份/地区研究了2003年至2012年期间的时间和区域趋势。
总体而言，零售鸡肉中对 的耐药水平因地区和年份差异很大。例如，2012年安大略省和魁北克省零售鸡肉中对头孢噻呋的耐药性明显低于2004年；然而，在所有抽样地区中，2012年的耐药性与2006年相比显著更高。在所有抽样地区中，2012年零售鸡肉中除四环素耐药性外，对 的耐药性相对较低（<16%）。2012年，与2011年相比，不列颠哥伦比亚省鸡肉中对环丙沙星的耐药性下降，但安大略省显著增加。2012年，零售牛肉中对β-内酰胺的耐药性仍然较低（≤1%），与前几年相比，猪肉中的耐药性也相对较低。
在加拿大，与全球情况一样，有证据表明零售肉类中的细菌对医学上重要的抗菌药物存在耐药性。零售食品层面从家禽、牛肉和猪肉中分离出的生物体的耐药性具有随时间和不同地区广泛变化的特点。
