Agunos A, Léger D F, Avery B P, Parmley E J, Deckert A E, Carson C A, Reid-Smith R J, Irwin R J
Laboratory for Foodborne Zoonoses, Public Health Agency of Canada, Guelph, ON.
Can Commun Dis Rep. 2014 Nov 7;40(Suppl 2):36-41. doi: 10.14745/ccdr.v40is2a06.
This case study outlines the patterns of ciprofloxacin resistance in isolated from retail chicken meat in Canada. is the third most common cause of foodborne enteric illness in Canada; it usually causes a self-limited illness, but in some cases antimicrobials may be indicated. Ciprofloxacin (a fluoroquinolone) is an antimicrobial used to treat a number of infections in humans; other fluoroquinolones are used both therapeutically and prophylactically in livestock animals, including broiler chickens. The Canadian Integrated Program for Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance (CIPARS) has been testing retail chicken meat samples across Canada for the presence of and for resistant strains since 2003. At the end of 2010, CIPARS documented that retail chicken meat samples in Canada contaminated with ranged from 36% in the Maritimes to 42% in British Columbia. Furthermore, levels of ciprofloxacin-resistant varied across the country, with higher percentages in British Columbia (17% in 2010) and Saskatchewan (11%), in comparison with lower percentages in Ontario (5%), Québec (2%, and the Maritimes (4%). In 2011 and 2012, resistance declined in British Columbia and Saskatchewan, but began to rise in Québec and Ontario. Recently, the Canadian poultry industry developed a policy to eliminate the preventive use of third generation cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones in broiler chickens (meat chickens) and broiler breeder chickens (chickens that produce the eggs that will become the broilers). CIPARS will continue to monitor trends in antimicrobial use and resistance following this industry intervention. By following good food preparation and hygiene practices, Canadians can reduce the risks of developing a infection (resistant or susceptible) from retail chicken.
本案例研究概述了从加拿大零售鸡肉中分离出的[病原体名称未给出]对环丙沙星的耐药模式。[病原体名称未给出]是加拿大食源性肠道疾病的第三大常见病因；它通常引起自限性疾病，但在某些情况下可能需要使用抗菌药物。环丙沙星（一种氟喹诺酮类药物）是用于治疗人类多种感染的抗菌药物；其他氟喹诺酮类药物在包括肉鸡在内的家畜中用于治疗和预防。自2003年以来，加拿大抗菌药物耐药性监测综合项目（CIPARS）一直在检测加拿大各地零售鸡肉样本中[病原体名称未给出]及其耐药菌株的存在情况。2010年底，CIPARS记录显示，加拿大零售鸡肉样本中被[病原体名称未给出]污染的比例在滨海地区为36%，在不列颠哥伦比亚省为42%。此外，对环丙沙星耐药的[病原体名称未给出]水平在全国各不相同，不列颠哥伦比亚省（2010年为17%）和萨斯喀彻温省（11%）的比例较高，而安大略省（5%）、魁北克省（2%）和滨海地区（4%）的比例较低。在2011年和2012年，不列颠哥伦比亚省和萨斯喀彻温省的耐药性有所下降，但魁北克省和安大略省的耐药性开始上升。最近，加拿大家禽业制定了一项政策，在肉鸡（肉用鸡）和肉种鸡（生产将成为肉鸡的鸡蛋的鸡）中取消第三代头孢菌素和氟喹诺酮类药物的预防性使用。CIPARS将在该行业干预后继续监测抗菌药物使用和耐药性的趋势。通过遵循良好的食品制备和卫生习惯，加拿大人可以降低因食用零售鸡肉而感染[病原体名称未给出]（耐药或敏感）的风险。
