Nicolas L, Dossou-Yovo J
OCCGE/ORSTOM/Institut Pierre Richet, Bouaké, Ivory Coast.
Med Vet Entomol. 1987 Jan;1(1):23-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2915.1987.tb00319.x.
The larval susceptibility to Bacillus sphaericus strain 2362 of the non-man-biting mosquito Culex cinereus and the urban filariasis vector Culex quinquefasciatus, two competitor mosquitoes in polluted habitats, was compared. In the laboratory, both species ingested a similar amount of B. sphaericus spores when fed c. 2 x 10(5) spores per ml for 30 min. However, in the same experiment, third-instar larvae of Cx quinquefasciatus were reduced by 98% at 24 h exposure while Cx cinereus larvae were only reduced by 6% at 72 h. In the field, preimaginal populations of Cx cinereus ingested, within a week, more than 99% of the applied spores, but showed no significant decrease through 14 days in cesspools treated at 10 g/m2 of a flowable concentrate of B. sphaericus 2362, containing 2 x 10(10) spores/g. It is proposed that specific biological control of Cx quinquefasciatus could result from appropriate treatment of breeding-sites with larvicidal B. sphaericus and competitive displacement by Cx cinereus or other mosquitoes with larvae that are more tolerant of B. sphaericus.
比较了非嗜人库蚊灰黑库蚊和城市丝虫病媒介致倦库蚊这两种在污染生境中的竞争蚊种的幼虫对球形芽孢杆菌菌株2362的易感性。在实验室中，当以每毫升约2×10⁵个孢子的浓度喂食30分钟时，这两个蚊种摄取的球形芽孢杆菌孢子量相似。然而，在同一实验中，致倦库蚊三龄幼虫在暴露24小时后减少了98%，而灰黑库蚊幼虫在72小时时仅减少了6%。在野外，灰黑库蚊的羽化前期种群在一周内摄取了超过99%的施用孢子，但在以每平方米10克含2×10¹⁰个孢子/克的球形芽孢杆菌2362可流动浓缩液处理的污水池中，经过14天其数量并未显著减少。有人提出，对致倦库蚊进行特定的生物防治可通过用杀幼虫的球形芽孢杆菌对孳生地进行适当处理以及由灰黑库蚊或其他幼虫对球形芽孢杆菌更具耐受性的蚊种进行竞争性取代来实现。
