Department of Genetics, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA.
Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, USA.
Pediatr Res. 2018 Jul;84(1):71-79. doi: 10.1038/s41390-018-0022-z. Epub 2018 May 23.
The impact of degree of prematurity at birth on premature infant gut microbiota has not been extensively studied in comparison to term infants in large cohorts.
To determine the effect of gestational age at birth and postnatal exposures on gut bacterial colonization in infants, we analyzed 65 stool samples from 17 premature infants in the neonatal intensive care unit, as well as 13 samples from 13 mostly moderate-to-late premature infants and 189 samples from 176 term infants in the New Hampshire Birth Cohort Study. Gut colonization patterns were determined with 16S rDNA microbiome profiling.
Gut bacterial alpha-diversity differed between premature and term infants at 6 weeks of age, after adjusting for exposures (p = 0.027). Alpha-diversity varied between extremely premature (<28 weeks gestation) and very premature infants (≥28 but <32 weeks, p = 0.011), as well as between extremely and moderate-to-late premature infants (≥32 and <37 weeks, p = 0.004). Newborn antibiotic use among premature infants was associated with lower Bifidobacterium and Bacteroides abundance (p = 0.015 and p = 0.041).
Gestational age at birth and early antibiotic exposure have significant effects on the premature infant gut microbiota.
与足月婴儿相比，大规模队列中对出生时早产儿的成熟度对早产儿肠道微生物群的影响尚未得到广泛研究。
为了确定出生时的胎龄和产后暴露对婴儿肠道细菌定植的影响，我们分析了新生儿重症监护病房 17 名早产儿的 65 份粪便样本，以及 13 名中度至晚期早产儿的 13 份样本和新罕布什尔州出生队列研究的 176 名足月婴儿的 189 份样本。使用 16S rDNA 微生物组谱分析来确定肠道定植模式。
在调整了暴露因素后，6 周龄时早产儿和足月儿的肠道细菌α多样性存在差异（p=0.027）。α多样性在极早产儿（<28 周胎龄）和非常早产儿（≥28 但<32 周，p=0.011）之间以及极早产儿和中晚期早产儿（≥32 但<37 周，p=0.004）之间存在差异。早产儿中新生儿使用抗生素与双歧杆菌和拟杆菌丰度降低有关（p=0.015 和 p=0.041）。
出生时的胎龄和早期抗生素暴露对早产儿的肠道微生物群有显著影响。
