Huang Y R, Lou H F, Zhang L
Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100730, China.
Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Rhinopathy.
Lin Chuang Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi. 2018 Jan 5;32(1):71-76. doi: 10.13201/j.issn.1001-1781.2018.01.015.
Nonspecific nasal hyperreactivity (NHR) has been widespread observed in patients with allergic rhinitis (AR) and nonallergic rhinitis (NAR). As a clinical hallmark, NHR is more common in patients with NAR. The cold dry air (CDA) can stimulate nasal symptoms such as rhinorrhea and nasal obstruction, and the CDA provocation test can be used as a reliable objective method to evaluate NHR. The mechanism of CDA-induced nasal symptoms is very complicated and thus it has not yet been fully illuminated. The innervation of the nasal nerves includes sensory nerve (trigeminal ganglion), sympathetic nerve (superior cervical ganglion) and parasympathetic nerve (sphenopalatine ganglion). CDA innervation may also be associated with these nerves and associated signal pathway. Recently, general attention has been focused on the transient receptor potential (TRP) channel, including TRP vanilloid-1 (TRPV1) and TRP ankyrin-1 (TRPA1). More relevant researches are needed to further clarify the mechanism.
非特异性鼻高反应性（NHR）在变应性鼻炎（AR）和非变应性鼻炎（NAR）患者中普遍存在。作为一项临床特征，NHR在NAR患者中更为常见。冷干燥空气（CDA）可诱发鼻分泌物增多和鼻塞等鼻部症状，CDA激发试验可作为评估NHR的可靠客观方法。CDA诱发鼻部症状的机制非常复杂，尚未完全阐明。鼻神经的支配包括感觉神经（三叉神经节）、交感神经（颈上神经节）和副交感神经（蝶腭神经节）。CDA的神经支配可能也与这些神经及相关信号通路有关。近来，人们普遍关注瞬时受体电位（TRP）通道，包括TRP香草酸受体1（TRPV1）和TRP锚蛋白1（TRPA1）。需要更多相关研究来进一步阐明其机制。
