LBqA - Laboratório de Bioquímica de Alimentos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Presidente Antônio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 31270-901, Brazil; IEAA/UFAM-AM - Instituto de Educação, Agricultura e Ambiente, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Rua 29 de Agosto 786, Humaitá, Amazonas 69800-000, Brazil.
IEAA/UFAM-AM - Instituto de Educação, Agricultura e Ambiente, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Rua 29 de Agosto 786, Humaitá, Amazonas 69800-000, Brazil.
Food Res Int. 2018 Jul;109:537-543. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2018.04.069. Epub 2018 May 2.
The objective of this study was to quantify total mercury in highly popular Amazonian fish pacu, curimatã, jaraqui, and sardinha from the Madeira River and to estimate the exposure to methylmercury from fish consumption. The samples were obtained from two locations - Puruzinho Igarapé and Santa Rosa - near Humaitá, Amazonia, Brazil in two seasons of 2015 (high and low waters). The fish were identified, weighed and measured, and lipids were quantified. Total mercury was determined by gold amalgamation-atomic absorption spectrometry. Mean levels were used to calculate exposure of Amazonian and riverine populations. There was significant correlation (p < 0.05) between length × weight for all fish; length × lipid and weight × lipid were significant only for pacu. Total mercury levels varied along muscle tissue for the fish, except for sardinha; therefore muscle from the dorsal area along the fish were sampled, homogenized and used for analysis. The levels of total mercury varied from 0.01 to 0.46 mg/kg, with higher median levels in sardinha (0.24 mg/kg), followed by curimatã (0.16 mg/kg), jaraqui (0.13 mg/kg) and pacu (0.04 mg/kg), corresponding with the respective feeding habits along the trophic chain. Total mercury levels were not affected by the location of fish capture and by high and low waters seasons. Total mercury correlated significantly with length and weight for jaraqui and with length for sardinha (negative correlation). Total mercury levels in fish complied with legislation; however, exposures to methylmercury from fish consumption overpassed the safe intake reference dose for sardinha for Amazonians; however, for the riverine communities, all of the fish would cause potential health risk, mainly for children and women of childbearing age.
本研究的目的是量化产自马德拉河的亚马逊地区广受欢迎的四种鱼类（巨脂鲤、锯脂鲤、脂鲤和沙丁鱼）中的总汞含量，并估计从鱼类消费中摄入甲基汞的情况。样本来自巴西亚马逊地区的Humaitá附近的两个地点（Puruzinho Igarapé和Santa Rosa），采集时间分别为 2015 年的丰水期和枯水期。对鱼类进行了鉴定、称重和测量，并对其脂质含量进行了量化。总汞含量通过金汞齐-原子吸收光谱法测定。平均值用于计算亚马逊地区和河流地区人群的暴露情况。所有鱼类的长度×体重均呈显著相关性（p<0.05）；仅巨脂鲤的长度×脂质和重量×脂质呈显著相关性。除了沙丁鱼之外，鱼类肌肉组织中的总汞含量存在差异；因此，从鱼体背部沿肌肉取样、均质化并用于分析。总汞含量在 0.01 至 0.46mg/kg 之间变化，沙丁鱼的中位数水平最高（0.24mg/kg），其次是锯脂鲤（0.16mg/kg）、脂鲤（0.13mg/kg）和巨脂鲤（0.04mg/kg），这与它们在食物链中的相应摄食习性有关。总汞含量不受鱼类捕捞地点和丰水期和枯水期的影响。总汞与脂鲤的长度和重量呈显著相关性，与沙丁鱼的长度呈负相关。鱼类中的总汞含量符合法规要求；然而，从鱼类消费中摄入甲基汞的量超过了亚马逊地区沙丁鱼的安全摄入量参考剂量；然而，对于河流社区，所有鱼类都会对健康造成潜在风险，主要是儿童和育龄妇女。
