Suiter Chase, Singha Santu K, Khalili Rozita, Shariat-Madar Zia
Department of Biomolecular Sciences Division of Pharmacology, The University of Mississippi, Mississippi 38677-1848, United States.
Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677-1848, United States.
Cardiovasc Hematol Agents Med Chem. 2018;16(1):20-34. doi: 10.2174/1871525716666180528100002.
Metabolic syndrome induces an increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Most importantly, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in adult population is expanding. Both clinical and preclinical studies indicate that increased Free Fatty Acids (FFAs) are involved in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and subsequent development of metabolic syndrome. The relevance of FFAs in protecting and restoring tissue function is quite vast. The search to correlate the functional deterioration of the tissues within the cardiovascular system and increased plasma concentrations of FFAs has been reported. The importance of reduction in the consumption of dietary fatty acids along with the identification of dysregulated genes responsible for persistent increased FFAs uptake and mitochondrial β-oxidation has been increasingly recognized. This review discusses the current empirical understanding of the different types of fatty acids and their metabolism and functions both in physiological and pathophysiological conditions. We also discuss in detail about the molecular and pathophysiological basis of increased FFAs, which augments Cardiovascular Disease (CVD).
代谢综合征会导致心血管疾病发病率和死亡率上升。最重要的是，代谢综合征在成年人群中的患病率正在扩大。临床和临床前研究均表明，游离脂肪酸（FFA）水平升高与胰岛素抵抗的发病机制以及随后代谢综合征的发展有关。FFA在保护和恢复组织功能方面的相关性非常广泛。已有报道称，人们在探寻心血管系统内组织功能恶化与血浆FFA浓度升高之间的关联。减少膳食脂肪酸摄入量的重要性以及识别负责持续增加FFA摄取和线粒体β氧化的失调基因已得到越来越多的认可。本综述讨论了当前对不同类型脂肪酸及其在生理和病理生理条件下的代谢与功能的实证理解。我们还详细讨论了FFA增加的分子和病理生理基础，FFA增加会加剧心血管疾病（CVD）。
