Jang Yuri, Park Nan Sook, Chiriboga David A, Kim Miyong T
The University of Texas at Austin.
University of South Florida.
Asian Am J Psychol. 2017 Sep;8(3):200-208. doi: 10.1037/aap0000080.
The present study identified profiles of acculturation in Asian Americans and explored their implications for health. Pointing out the upward selection bias of Asian Americans in English-only surveys, the study calls attention to the importance of obtaining Asian American samples that reflect the group's cultural and linguistic diversities. Data were drawn from 2,602 participants (age range = 18-98) in the 2015 Asian American Quality of Life (AAQoL) Survey, conducted in central Texas. To reach out to diverse groups of Asian Americans, culturally and linguistically sensitive approaches (e.g., survey questionnaire in Asian languages, bilingual/bicultural recruiters and survey assistants, and partnerships with key individuals and organizations within ethnic communities) were employed, resulting in a sample almost half of which were surveyed in their native languages. Latent profile analysis based on acculturation-related variables (nativity, proportion of life lived in the United States, English speaking ability, familiarity with host culture, familiarity with heritage culture, identity toward ethnic origin, and sense of belonging to the community of ethnic origin) identified a 4-cluster solution: fully bicultural, moderately bicultural, alienated from host culture, and alienated from heritage culture. The fully bicultural group was most advantaged in terms of self-ratings of physical, oral, and mental health. The alienated from heritage culture group demonstrated a particular risk for physical and mental health, whereas the alienated from host culture group was at risk for oral health. Findings not only help understand the heterogeneity of acculturation in Asian Americans but also provide implications for health interventions.
本研究确定了亚裔美国人的文化适应概况，并探讨了其对健康的影响。该研究指出了仅使用英语的调查中亚裔美国人存在的向上选择偏差，呼吁重视获取能够反映该群体文化和语言多样性的亚裔美国人样本。数据来自于2015年在德克萨斯州中部进行的亚裔美国人生活质量（AAQoL）调查中的2602名参与者（年龄范围为18 - 98岁）。为了接触到不同的亚裔美国人群体，采用了文化和语言敏感的方法（例如，用亚洲语言的调查问卷、双语/双文化的招募人员和调查助手，以及与族裔社区内的关键个人和组织建立伙伴关系），结果样本中近一半是用其母语进行调查的。基于与文化适应相关的变量（出生地、在美国生活的比例、英语能力、对主流文化的熟悉程度、对传统文化的熟悉程度、对族裔出身的认同以及对族裔社区的归属感）进行的潜在类别分析确定了一个四类解决方案：完全双文化、适度双文化、疏离主流文化和疏离传统文化。完全双文化群体在身体、口腔和心理健康的自我评估方面最具优势。疏离传统文化的群体在身体和心理健康方面表现出特别的风险，而疏离主流文化的群体则面临口腔健康风险。研究结果不仅有助于理解亚裔美国人文化适应的异质性，也为健康干预提供了启示。
