Wang Peng, Wang Feng, Gao Yan-Long, Li Jia-Qi, Zhang Jing-Tao, Miao De-Chao, Shen Yong
Department of Spine Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, The Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Biomechanics of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China.
J Int Med Res. 2018 Sep;46(9):3605-3612. doi: 10.1177/0300060518776067. Epub 2018 May 29.
Objective This study aimed to identify the risk factors for vertebral compression fractures in patients with osteoporosis. Methods A total of 864 patients with osteoporosis were enrolled in a retrospective study from February 2010 to June 2016. Patients with diseases, such as pathological fractures, high-energy direct injury to the thoracic or lumbar vertebrae, and severe spinal deformity, were excluded. The patients were divided into two groups: those with vertebral compression fractures (288) and those with no vertebral compression fractures (576). Information on the patients' age, sex, lumbar bone mineral density (BMD), trauma, body mass index, previous history of vertebral compression fractures, and spondylolisthesis was recorded. Logistic regression analysis and the chi-square test were applied for comparisons. Results Univariate logistic regression analysis and chi-square test results showed no significant differences in age, sex, body mass index, type 2 diabetes, previous history of vertebral fracture, and trivial trauma between the groups. Multivariate analysis showed significant associations between spondylolisthesis and BMD. Logistic regression analysis showed that spondylolisthesis and BMD were risk factors for vertebral compression fractures. Conclusions Lumbar spondylolisthesis is an independent risk factor for vertebral compression fractures in patients with osteoporosis. Therefore, patients with osteoporosis and lumbar spondylolisthesis require more attention.
目的 本研究旨在确定骨质疏松症患者发生椎体压缩性骨折的危险因素。方法 2010年2月至2016年6月，共纳入864例骨质疏松症患者进行回顾性研究。排除患有病理性骨折、胸腰椎高能直接损伤和严重脊柱畸形等疾病的患者。将患者分为两组：椎体压缩性骨折患者（288例）和无椎体压缩性骨折患者（576例）。记录患者的年龄、性别、腰椎骨密度（BMD）、创伤、体重指数、既往椎体压缩性骨折病史和椎体滑脱情况。采用Logistic回归分析和卡方检验进行比较。结果 单因素Logistic回归分析和卡方检验结果显示，两组患者在年龄、性别、体重指数、2型糖尿病、既往骨折病史和轻微创伤方面无显著差异。多因素分析显示椎体滑脱与骨密度之间存在显著关联。Logistic回归分析表明，椎体滑脱和骨密度是椎体压缩性骨折的危险因素。结论 腰椎椎体滑脱是骨质疏松症患者发生椎体压缩性骨折的独立危险因素。因此，骨质疏松症合并腰椎椎体滑脱的患者需要更多关注。
