Department of Learning, Informatics, Management and Ethics, Medical Management Centre, Karolinska Institutet, SE 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden.
Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Epidemiology and Global Health, Umeå University, SE 901 87, Umeå, Sweden.
Health Res Policy Syst. 2018 May 30;16(1):46. doi: 10.1186/s12961-018-0322-0.
Getting research into policy and practice in healthcare is a recognised, world-wide concern. As an attempt to bridge the gap between research and practice, research funders are requesting more interdisciplinary and collaborative research, while actual experiences of such processes have been less studied. Accordingly, the purpose of this study was to gain more knowledge on the interdisciplinary, collaborative and partnership research process by investigating researchers' experiences of and approaches to the process, based on their participation in an inventive national research programme. The programme aimed to boost collaborative and partnership research and build learning structures, while improving ways to lead, manage and develop practices in Swedish health and social services.
Interviews conducted with project leaders and/or lead researchers and documentation from 20 projects were analysed using directed and conventional content analysis.
Collaborative approaches were achieved by design, e.g. action research, or by involving practitioners from several levels of the healthcare system in various parts of the research process. The use of dual roles as researcher/clinician or practitioner/PhD student or the use of education designed especially for practitioners or 'student researchers' were other approaches. The collaborative process constituted the area for the main lessons learned as well as the main problems. Difficulties concerned handling complexity and conflicts between different expectations and demands in the practitioner's and researcher's contexts, and dealing with human resource issues and group interactions when forming collaborative and interdisciplinary research teams. The handling of such challenges required time, resources, knowledge, interactive learning and skilled project management.
Collaborative approaches are important in the study of complex phenomena. Results from this study show that allocated time, arenas for interactions and skills in project management and communication are needed during research collaboration to ensure support and build trust and understanding with involved practitioners at several levels in the healthcare system. For researchers, dealing with this complexity takes time and energy from the scientific process. For practitioners, this puts demands on understanding a research process and how it fits with on-going organisational agendas and activities and allocating time. Some of the identified factors may be overlooked by funders and involved stakeholders when designing, performing and evaluating interdisciplinary, collaborative and partnership research.
将医学研究转化为政策和实践是一个全球性的共识。为了缩小研究与实践之间的差距，研究资助者要求进行更多跨学科和合作研究，而对这些过程的实际经验研究却较少。因此，本研究的目的是通过调查研究人员参与一项创新性国家研究计划的经历和方法，更多地了解跨学科、合作和伙伴关系研究过程。该计划旨在促进合作和伙伴关系研究，并建立学习结构，同时改进领导、管理和发展瑞典卫生和社会服务的方法。
对项目负责人和/或首席研究员进行访谈，并对 20 个项目的文件进行分析，采用有针对性和常规的内容分析。
通过设计，例如行动研究，或者让医疗保健系统各个层面的从业者参与研究过程的各个部分，实现了合作方法。利用双重角色，如研究人员/临床医生或从业者/博士生，或者使用专门为从业者或“学生研究员”设计的教育，是其他方法。合作过程是主要经验教训和主要问题所在的领域。困难涉及处理复杂性和不同期望和要求之间的冲突在从业者和研究人员的背景下，以及在组建合作和跨学科研究团队时处理人力资源问题和团队互动。处理这些挑战需要时间、资源、知识、互动学习和熟练的项目管理。
合作方法对于研究复杂现象很重要。本研究结果表明，在研究合作中需要分配时间、互动场所以及项目管理和沟通方面的技能，以确保在医疗保健系统的多个层面上得到相关从业者的支持，并建立信任和理解。对于研究人员来说，处理这种复杂性需要从科学过程中抽出时间和精力。对于从业者来说，这需要他们了解研究过程以及如何与正在进行的组织议程和活动相适应，并分配时间。在设计、执行和评估跨学科、合作和伙伴关系研究时，一些确定的因素可能会被资助者和相关利益相关者忽视。
