BRAC James P. Grant School of Public Health, BRAC University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Institute of Statistical Research and Training, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
PLoS One. 2018 May 31;13(5):e0198028. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0198028. eCollection 2018.
Like other developing countries, Nepal is currently going through epidemiological transition along with rising burden of Non-communicable Diseases. However, since 2013, no study investigated the prevalence and determinants of hypertension in Nepal involving nationally representative sample. Therefore, this study aimed to find out the current prevalence of hypertension in Nepal and its determinants using the latest nationally representative data obtained from Nepal Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS) 2016. The NDHS 2016 collected data on hypertension from 13,304 men and women aged 18 years and above from 5,520 urban and 5,970 rural households covering seven administrative provinces and three ecological zones. Participants were considered as hypertensive when their systolic blood pressure was ≥140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure was ≥90 mmHg and/or they reported taking antihypertensive medication. A total of 19.9% study participants were diagnosed as hypertensive of which majority were male (male-24.3%, female-16.9%), ever married (ever married-21.7%, unmarried-6.1%) and residents of urban area (urban-20.9%, rural-18.3%). Hypertension prevalence has shown growing trend with the increase of age. This prevalence was also higher among rich and overweight/obese individuals. In multivariable logistic regression analysis, older age, male gender, better education, residence at urban area and province 4 and 5 and being overweight/obese were found positive association with having hypertension. When the determinants of hypertension were stratified by sex of the participants, difference was observed in case of age group, education and place of residence. As one out of every five individuals in Nepal are hypertensive, public health initiatives are immediately required for prevention and control of hypertension to reduce mortality and morbidity associated with this progressive disease.
与其他发展中国家一样，尼泊尔目前正经历着人口流行病学转变，同时非传染性疾病的负担也在增加。然而，自 2013 年以来，尚无研究调查过尼泊尔全国代表性样本中高血压的患病率及其决定因素。因此，本研究旨在利用 2016 年尼泊尔人口与健康调查（NDHS）获得的最新全国代表性数据，找出尼泊尔目前高血压的患病率及其决定因素。NDHS2016 从 5520 个城市和 5970 个农村家庭的 13304 名 18 岁及以上的男女中收集了高血压数据，这些家庭覆盖了七个行政省和三个生态区。当参与者的收缩压≥140mmHg 和/或舒张压≥90mmHg 和/或他们报告服用抗高血压药物时，他们被认为患有高血压。共有 19.9%的研究参与者被诊断为高血压，其中大多数是男性（男性 24.3%，女性 16.9%）、已婚（已婚 21.7%，未婚 6.1%）和城市居民（城市 20.9%，农村 18.3%）。高血压的患病率随着年龄的增长呈上升趋势。这种患病率在富人中更高，在超重/肥胖者中也更高。在多变量逻辑回归分析中，年龄较大、男性、较高的教育程度、居住在城市地区以及第四和第五省与患有高血压呈正相关。当根据参与者的性别对高血压的决定因素进行分层时，在年龄组、教育程度和居住地方面存在差异。由于尼泊尔每五个人中就有一个患有高血压，因此需要立即采取公共卫生措施来预防和控制高血压，以降低与这种进行性疾病相关的死亡率和发病率。
