Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Amapá, Macapá, Amapá, Brazil; Laboratório de Pesquisa em Fármacos, Curso de Farmácia, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Amapá, Macapá, Amapá, Brazil.
Laboratório de Pesquisa em Fármacos, Curso de Farmácia, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Amapá, Macapá, Amapá, Brazil; Programa de Pós-graduação em Inovação Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Amapá, Macapá, Amapá, Brazil.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2018 Oct 5;224:563-578. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.05.037. Epub 2018 May 28.
Spondias mombin L. is a plant dispersed throughout the tropical regions of South America, Africa, and Asia, being found mainly in the North and Northeast of Brazil, where the leaves are used in preparations for neuropsychiatric disorders. Therefore, it is of great importance to carry out studies in different pharmacological models that can prove the traditional use of this plant species.
the hydroethanolic extract from S. mombin leaves (HELSm) was evaluated by oral administration (25 mg/kg) and by immersion (25 mg/l) in scototaxis test in zebrafish (Danio rerio). For this study, caffeine (100 mg/kg) and buspirone (25 mg/kg) were used as standard drugs. The antidepressant action of the HELSm was evaluated assessed in the novel tank diving test (NTDT). In this study, a group with 1% ethanol, one with unpredictable chronic mild stress (UCMS), and another with developmental, social isolation (DSI) were used as induction groups for depression-like behavior and fluoxetine (20 mg/kg) as a drug pattern.
by the HPLC-UV fingerprint analysis, the HELSm presented several derivatives of polyphenolic compounds and flavonoids and identified ellagic acid and isoquercitrin, and by the gas-chromatographic, the majority of the identified compounds were fatty acids, esters, and alcohols. By immersion, the LC was 49.86 mg/l and by oral via the LD in 48 h, was 4.515 g/kg in zebrafish. For all spatiotemporal and behavioral variables (time spent, white compartment, latency, toggle, erratic swimming, freezing duration, thigmotaxis, and risk assessment), the treatment with HELSm produced a similar effect to buspirone and was significant when compared to the caffeine and control group (p < 0.01, Tukey-Kramer test). For all spatiotemporal and behavioral variables evaluated (time spent at the top of the apparatus, crossed quadrants, erratic swimming, and duration of freezing), treatment with HELSm produced a change in the depression-like behavior in the groups tested, with a similar effect to fluoxetine, both with a significant difference when compared to the control groups (p < 0.01).
Our results suggest that the acute administration of the HELSm in the scototaxis and NTDT tests in a zebrafish model (Danio rerio) produced anxiolytic and antidepressant effects, devoid of hypnotic and sedative actions by immersion, and this action was improved when administered by oral via. Possibly, the presence of isoquercitrin in the leaves of Spondias mombin participates in the anxiolytic and antidepressant effects.
Spondias mombin L. 是一种分布于南美洲、非洲和亚洲热带地区的植物，主要分布于巴西北部和东北部，其叶子被用于治疗神经精神障碍。因此，进行不同药理学模型的研究非常重要，这些研究可以证明这种植物物种的传统用途。
采用口服（25mg/kg）和浸泡（25mg/l）两种方式，对 Spondias mombin 叶的水醇提取物（HELSm）进行了评价。在这项研究中，使用了咖啡因（100mg/kg）和丁螺环酮（25mg/kg）作为标准药物。通过新颖的坦克潜水试验（NTDT）评估了 HELSm 的抗抑郁作用。在这项研究中，使用了 1%乙醇组、不可预测性慢性轻度应激（UCMS）组和发育性社交隔离（DSI）组作为诱导抑郁样行为的诱导组，氟西汀（20mg/kg）作为药物模式。
通过 HPLC-UV 指纹分析，HELSm 呈现出多种多酚化合物和类黄酮的衍生物，并鉴定出鞣花酸和异槲皮苷，而通过气相色谱分析，鉴定出的大多数化合物为脂肪酸、酯和醇。通过浸泡，LC 为 49.86mg/l，通过口服 via 48 小时的 LD 为 4.515g/kg 在斑马鱼中。对于所有时空和行为变量（停留时间、白色隔间、潜伏期、翻转、不规则游泳、冻结持续时间、触壁癖和风险评估），HELSm 的治疗效果与丁螺环酮相似，与咖啡因和对照组相比具有统计学意义（p<0.01，Tukey-Kramer 检验）。对于评估的所有时空和行为变量（在装置顶部停留的时间、穿过象限、不规则游泳和冻结持续时间），HELSm 处理在测试组中产生了类似氟西汀的抗抑郁样行为变化，与对照组相比具有统计学意义（p<0.01）。
我们的结果表明，急性给予 HELSm 在斑马鱼模型（Danio rerio）中的趋光性和 NTDT 试验中产生了抗焦虑和抗抑郁作用，通过浸泡没有催眠和镇静作用，通过口服 via 给药可改善这种作用。可能是 Spondias mombin 叶中的异槲皮苷参与了抗焦虑和抗抑郁作用。
