Elias Sebsibe, Dadi Teshome Kabeta
Public Health Department, College of Health Sciences, Mizan-Aman College of Health Science, Mizan-Aman, Ethiopia.
Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Institute of Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.
Adv Med. 2023 Jul 10;2023:2746284. doi: 10.1155/2023/2746284. eCollection 2023.
This study aimed to assess the prevalence of undiagnosed hypertension and associated factors among people aged 18 years and above in Mizan-Aman town of Bench Sheko Zone in Southwest Ethiopia. . A community-based cross-sectional study design was carried out among people aged 18 years old and above from April 1 to 30, 2021, in Mizan Aman town.
A community-based cross-sectional study design was carried out among people aged 18 years old and above from April 1 to 30, 2021, in Mizan Aman town. Seven hundred fifty-nine subjects were selected by the multistage sampling technique. A structured pretested STEPwise questionnaire was used to interview the participants. Data entry and analysis were done using EpiData 3.1 and SPSS version 25 statistical software, respectively. Descriptive analysis was undertaken, and the results were presented using frequency tables, graphs, and statistical summaries. The dependent variable has a dichotomized response of yes and no, and hence binary logistic regression was used to predict a dependent variable based on independent variables, and predictors having ≤ 0.25 on the bivariable analysis were considered as candidates for the multivariable analysis. Odds ratios with their 95% confidence intervals were calculated to measure the strength of association, and finally a value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.
The prevalence of undiagnosed hypertension was 14.8% with 95% CI [12.3-15.6]. Older age (AOR = 3.1, 95% CI [1.5-6.5]), male (AOR = 2.2, 95% CI [1.3-3.9]), low physical activity (AOR = 3.9, 95% CI [1.8-8.3]), low consumption of fruit and vegetable (AOR = 4.5, 95% CI [2.4-8.8]), and higher BMI (AOR = 2.7, 95% CI [1.6-4.6]) were significantly associated with undiagnosed hypertension.
The current study outlined that the prevalence of undiagnosed hypertension was high in the study area. In addition, most of the risk factors identified were modifiable, and hence community-based preventive approaches like lifestyle modification, increasing awareness, and strengthening routine screening at primary health service facilities resulted in a substantial change in tackling the burden effectively.
本研究旨在评估埃塞俄比亚西南部本奇谢科州米赞-阿曼镇18岁及以上人群中未诊断高血压的患病率及相关因素。2021年4月1日至30日，在米赞-阿曼镇对18岁及以上人群开展了一项基于社区的横断面研究。
2021年4月1日至30日，在米赞-阿曼镇对18岁及以上人群开展了一项基于社区的横断面研究。采用多阶段抽样技术选取了759名研究对象。使用经过预测试的结构化逐步问卷对参与者进行访谈。分别使用EpiData 3.1和SPSS 25版统计软件进行数据录入和分析。进行描述性分析，并使用频率表、图表和统计摘要呈现结果。因变量有“是”和“否”两种二分响应，因此使用二元逻辑回归基于自变量预测因变量，双变量分析中b值≤0.25的预测因素被视为多变量分析的候选因素。计算比值比及其95%置信区间以衡量关联强度，最后p值<0.05被认为具有统计学意义。
未诊断高血压的患病率为14.8%，95%置信区间为[12.3 - 15.6]。年龄较大（调整后比值比[AOR]=3.1，95%置信区间[1.5 - 6.5]）、男性（AOR = 2.2，95%置信区间[1.3 - 3.9]）、身体活动量低（AOR = 3.9，95%置信区间[1.8 - 8.3]）、水果和蔬菜摄入量低（AOR = 4.5，95%置信区间[2.4 - 8.8]）以及体重指数较高（AOR = 2.7，95%置信区间[1.6 - 4.6]）与未诊断高血压显著相关。
当前研究表明，研究区域内未诊断高血压的患病率较高。此外，所确定的大多数风险因素是可改变的，因此，基于社区的预防方法，如改变生活方式、提高认识以及加强初级卫生服务机构的常规筛查，可有效应对这一负担并带来实质性变化。
