Kapoor Dhiraj, Bhardwaj Ashok Kumar, Kumar Dinesh, Raina Sunil Kumar
Department of Medicine, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Government Medical College, Kangra, Himachal Pradesh 176001, India.
Department of Community Medicine, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Government Medical College, Kangra, Himachal Pradesh 176001, India.
Int J Chronic Dis. 2014;2014:380597. doi: 10.1155/2014/380597. Epub 2014 May 6.
Background. Effect of urban environment on the development of DM and its risk factors is studied with an ecological fallacy due to their study designs that formulate the background for the present study. Objective. To study the prevalence of DM and associated lifestyle related risk factors in traditional tribal individuals residing in tribal area and migrating persons of the same tribe to urban area of sub-Himalayan northern state of India. Methodology. Population based cross-sectional study. Results. A total of 8000 individuals (tribal: 4000; urban: 4000) were recruited. Overall, among urban tribes the prevalence of central obesity (59.0%), overweight (29.3%), stage 1 (22.8%) and stage 2 (5.3%) hypertension, and DM (fasting: 7.8%; OGTT: 8.5%) (P = 0.00) was significantly higher than the tribes of tribal area. Based on OGTT, the prevalence of DM was found to be 9.2% among central obese tribes of urban area and 6.7% of tribal area (P = 0.00). DM showed a significant high prevalence among urban tribes with prehypertension (urban: 8.3%; tribal: 2.9%; P = 0.00), and stage 1 (urban: 14.1%; tribal: 8.7%; P = 0.00) and stage 2 (urban: 17.5%; tribal: 13.9%; P = 0.59) hypertension. Conclusion. Urban environment showed a changing lifestyle and high prevalence of DM among tribal migrating urban tribes as compared to traditional tribes.
背景。由于研究设计存在生态谬误，城市环境对糖尿病（DM）发展及其风险因素的影响已得到研究，这些研究设计为当前研究奠定了基础。目的。研究居住在部落地区的传统部落个体以及同一部落迁移至印度喜马拉雅山北部邦城市地区的人群中DM的患病率及相关生活方式风险因素。方法。基于人群的横断面研究。结果。共招募了8000名个体（部落：4000名；城市：4000名）。总体而言，城市部落中中心性肥胖（59.0%）、超重（29.3%）、1期（22.8%）和2期（5.3%）高血压以及DM（空腹：7.8%；口服葡萄糖耐量试验（OGTT）：8.5%）（P = 0.00）的患病率显著高于部落地区的部落。基于OGTT，城市地区中心性肥胖部落中DM的患病率为9.2%，部落地区为6.7%（P = 0.00）。DM在患有高血压前期的城市部落（城市：8.3%；部落：2.9%；P = 0.00）以及1期（城市：14.1%；部落：8.7%；P = 0.00）和2期（城市：17.5%；部落：13.9%；P = 0.59）高血压的城市部落中患病率显著较高。结论。与传统部落相比，城市环境显示出部落迁移至城市的部落生活方式发生变化且DM患病率较高。
