Environmental Mutagenesis Laboratory, Department of Biophysics and Biometry, Rio de Janeiro State University (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
Genotoxicity Laboratory, Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2018 May 2;2018:3246719. doi: 10.1155/2018/3246719. eCollection 2018.
The seed oil of (Aublet), a tree from the Meliaceae family commonly known as andiroba, is widely used in Brazilian traditional medicine because of its multiple curative properties against fever and rheumatism and as an anti-inflammatory agent, antibacterial agent, and insect repellant. Since there is no consensus on the best way to obtain the oil and due to its ethnomedicinal properties, the aim of the present research was to evaluate the chemical composition, free-radical scavenging activity, and mutagenic and genotoxicity properties of three oils obtained by different extraction methods. The phenolic contents were evaluated by spectrophotometry. Oil 1 was obtained by pressing the dried seeds at room temperature; oil 2 was obtained by autoclaving, drying, and pressing; oil 3 was obtained by Soxhlet extraction at 30-60°C using petroleum ether. The oil from each process presented differential yields, physicochemical properties, and phenolic contents. Oil 1 showed a higher scavenging activity against the DPPH radical when compared to oils 2 and 3, suggesting a significant antioxidant activity. All oils were shown to be cytotoxic to bacteria and to CHO-K1 and RAW264.7 cells. At noncytotoxic concentrations, oil 2 presented mutagenicity to serovar Typhimurium and induced micronuclei in both cell types. Under the same conditions, oil 3 also induced micronucleus formation. However, the present data demonstrated that oil 1, extracted without using high temperatures, was the safest for use as compared to the other two oils, not showing mutagenicity or micronucleus induction.
（Aublet）的种子油，这种桃金娘科的树木通常被称为巴西棕榈，因其具有多种治疗发烧和风湿的特性，以及作为抗炎、抗菌和驱虫剂的特性，而在巴西传统医学中被广泛使用。由于没有关于获得这种油的最佳方法的共识，并且由于其民族医学特性，本研究旨在评估三种通过不同提取方法获得的巴西棕榈油的化学成分、自由基清除活性、致突变性和遗传毒性特性。采用分光光度法评估了酚类含量。油 1 通过在室温下压榨干燥种子获得；油 2 通过高压灭菌、干燥和压榨获得；油 3 通过在 30-60°C 下用石油醚索氏提取获得。每种工艺的油都具有不同的产率、物理化学性质和酚类含量。与油 2 和油 3 相比，油 1 对 DPPH 自由基的清除活性更高，表明其具有显著的抗氧化活性。所有油均对细菌以及 CHO-K1 和 RAW264.7 细胞具有细胞毒性。在非细胞毒性浓度下，油 2 对伤寒血清型 Typhimurium 具有致突变性，并在两种细胞类型中诱导微核形成。在相同条件下，油 3 也诱导微核形成。然而，目前的数据表明，与其他两种油相比，在不使用高温提取的情况下，油 1 用作比较更为安全，不会引起致突变性或微核诱导。
