Verma Deepali, Gulati Neha, Kaul Shreya, Mukherjee Siddhartha, Nagaich Upendra
Department of Pharmaceutics, Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201301, India.
J Pharm (Cairo). 2018 May 16;2018:9285854. doi: 10.1155/2018/9285854. eCollection 2018.
The key role of protein based nanostructures has recently revolutionized the nanomedicine era. Protein nanoparticles have turned out to be the major grounds for the transformation of different properties of many conventional materials by virtue of their size and greater surface area which instigates them to be more reactive to some other molecules. Protein nanoparticles have better biocompatibilities and biodegradability and also have the possibilities for surface modifications. These nanostructures can be synthesized by using protein like albumin, gelatin, whey protein, gliadin, legumin, elastin, zein, soy protein, and milk protein. The techniques for their fabrication include emulsification, desolvation, complex coacervation, and electrospray. The characterization parameters of protein nanoparticles comprise particle size, particle morphology, surface charge, drug loading, determination of drug entrapment, and particle structure and in vitro drug release. A plethora of protein nanoparticles applications via different routes of administration are explored and reported by eminent researchers which are highlighted in the present review along with the patents granted for protein nanoparticles as drug delivery carriers.
基于蛋白质的纳米结构的关键作用最近彻底改变了纳米医学时代。蛋白质纳米颗粒已成为许多传统材料不同性质转变的主要基础，这得益于它们的尺寸和更大的表面积，促使它们对其他一些分子更具反应性。蛋白质纳米颗粒具有更好的生物相容性和生物降解性，并且具有表面修饰的可能性。这些纳米结构可以通过使用诸如白蛋白、明胶、乳清蛋白、麦醇溶蛋白、豆球蛋白、弹性蛋白、玉米醇溶蛋白、大豆蛋白和乳蛋白等蛋白质来合成。其制备技术包括乳化、去溶剂化、复凝聚和电喷雾。蛋白质纳米颗粒的表征参数包括粒径、颗粒形态、表面电荷、药物负载、药物包封率的测定、颗粒结构和体外药物释放。著名研究人员探索并报道了通过不同给药途径的大量蛋白质纳米颗粒应用，本综述将重点介绍这些应用以及蛋白质纳米颗粒作为药物递送载体所获得的专利。
