School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.
Departments of Psychology, Neuroscience and Health Sciences, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, Virginia.
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2018 Sep;1428(1):240-256. doi: 10.1111/nyas.13868. Epub 2018 Jun 4.
Preventable chronic diseases are the leading cause of death in the majority of countries throughout the world, and this trend will continue for the foreseeable future. The potential to offset the social, economic, and personal burdens associated with such conditions depends on our ability to influence people's thought processes, decisions, and behaviors, all of which can be understood with reference to the brain itself. Within the health neuroscience framework, the brain can be viewed as a predictor, mediator, moderator, or outcome in relation to health-related phenomena. This review explores examples of each of these, with specific reference to the primary prevention (i.e., prevention of initial onset) of chronic diseases. Within the topic of primary prevention, we touch on several cross-cutting themes (persuasive communications, delay discounting of rewards, and self-control), and place a special focus on obesity as a disorder influenced by both eating behavior and exercise habits.
可预防的慢性病是世界上大多数国家的主要死亡原因，而且这种趋势在可预见的未来还将持续。减轻与这些疾病相关的社会、经济和个人负担的潜力取决于我们影响人们思维过程、决策和行为的能力，而这些都可以通过参考大脑本身来理解。在健康神经科学框架内，可以将大脑视为与健康相关现象相关的预测因子、中介、调节者或结果。本综述探讨了其中每一种情况的例子，特别提到了慢性病的一级预防（即预防初始发病）。在一级预防主题中，我们涉及了几个交叉主题（有说服力的沟通、奖励延迟折扣和自我控制），并特别关注肥胖症，它是一种受饮食行为和运动习惯影响的疾病。
