a Shanghai Institute of Technology , Shanghai , China.
Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2019;59(sup1):S30-S38. doi: 10.1080/10408398.2018.1485628. Epub 2018 Jul 9.
The current knowledge about early-life nutrition and environmental factors that affect the interaction between the symbiotic microbiota and the host immune system has demonstrated novel regulatory target for treating allergic diseases, autoimmune disorders and metabolic syndrome. Various kinds of food nutrients (such as dietary fiber, starch, polyphenols and proteins) can provide energy resources for both intestinal microbiota and the host. The indigestible food components are fermented by the indigenous gut microbiota to produce diverse metabolites, including short-chain fatty acids, bile acids and trimethylamine-N-oxide, which can regulate the host metabolized physiology, immunity homeostasis and health state. Therefore it is commonly believed early-life perturbation of the microbial community structure and the dietary nutrition interference on the child mucosal immunity contribute to the whole life susceptibility to chronic diseases. In all, the combined interrelationship between food ingredients nutrition, intestinal microbiota configurations and host system immunity provides new therapeutic targets to treat various kinds of pathogenic inflammations and chronic diseases.
目前关于早期生活营养和环境因素的知识，这些因素影响共生微生物群与宿主免疫系统之间的相互作用，为治疗过敏疾病、自身免疫性疾病和代谢综合征提供了新的调节靶点。各种食物营养素（如膳食纤维、淀粉、多酚和蛋白质）可以为肠道微生物群和宿主提供能量资源。不可消化的食物成分被肠道固有菌群发酵，产生多种代谢物，包括短链脂肪酸、胆汁酸和三甲胺 N-氧化物，它们可以调节宿主代谢生理、免疫稳态和健康状态。因此，人们普遍认为，生命早期微生物群落结构的改变和饮食营养对儿童黏膜免疫的干扰，导致了终生对慢性疾病的易感性。总之，食物成分营养、肠道微生物群组成和宿主系统免疫之间的联合相互关系为治疗各种致病性炎症和慢性疾病提供了新的治疗靶点。
