Department of Biological Sciences, Lehman College, City University of New York, Bronx, New York, NY, 10468, USA.
Biochemistry and Biology Ph.D. Programs, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, 10016, USA.
Phytother Res. 2018 Sep;32(9):1707-1719. doi: 10.1002/ptr.6115. Epub 2018 Jun 7.
Phytoestrogens, a class of plant-derived compounds that are structural mimics of estrogen, can bind to estrogen receptors, acting as either agonists or antagonists. They have been implicated in estrogen-mediated physiology, which makes them interesting targets of study, especially for biomedical applications in woman's health. The 1998 Women's Health Initiative sparked considerable interest in natural alternatives to hormone replacement therapy, thereby triggering many additional studies on phytoestrogens. In this review, key advancements in dietary phytoestrogens are addressed, emphasizing their relation to breast pathophysiology. Recent developments such as clinical trials, precise bioassays for screening and selection of potential phytoestrogens, drug delivery systems to enhance bioavailability of therapeutically favorable phytoestrogens, regulatory guidelines on phytoestrogen-based supplements, and avenues that need further improvement are also discussed.
植物雌激素是一类植物来源的化合物，结构上与雌激素类似，能够与雌激素受体结合，起到激动剂或拮抗剂的作用。它们与雌激素介导的生理作用有关，这使得它们成为研究的有趣目标，特别是在女性健康的生物医学应用方面。1998 年妇女健康倡议（Women's Health Initiative）激发了人们对激素替代疗法的天然替代品的极大兴趣，从而引发了许多关于植物雌激素的额外研究。在这篇综述中，我们重点介绍了膳食植物雌激素的主要进展，强调了它们与乳腺病理生理学的关系。最近的发展，如临床试验、用于筛选和选择潜在植物雌激素的精确生物测定法、增强治疗上有利的植物雌激素生物利用度的药物传递系统、基于植物雌激素的补充剂的监管指南，以及需要进一步改进的途径也进行了讨论。
