Stott J L, Barber T L, Osburn B I
Am J Vet Res. 1985 May;46(5):1043-9.
Humoral and cellular immune responses of sheep to inactivated and virulent bluetongue virus (BTV) were studied. All sheep inoculated with inactivated BTV developed BTV group-specific nonneutralizing antibodies, as determined by agar-gel immunodiffusion. The development of group-specific, nonneutralizing, complement-fixing antibodies was variable and appeared to be dependent on immunizing BTV serotype, sheep breed, and individual variation. Virus-neutralizing antibodies were never detected after inoculation with the inactivated BTV. In vitro lymphocyte stimulation to BTV soluble antigen was observed with cells from all inoculated Warhill sheep and with cells from 1 of 3 inoculated Suffolk cross sheep. Complement-fixation titers did not appear to correlate with the degree of protection observed, ie, duration of postchallenge-exposure viremia. The development of postchallenge-exposure neutralizing antibody titer was inversely correlated to protective immunity. The development of a response to BTV antigen in the lymphocyte-stimulation test associated most closely with protection. Warhill sheep were afforded better protection, by inoculation with inactivated BTV, to live virus challenge exposure than were the Suffolk cross sheep. Approximately 30% of the inoculated Suffolk cross sheep responded to challenge exposure with intensified clinical signs of blue-tongue, compared with the challenge-exposed control sheep of the same breed.
对绵羊针对灭活和强毒蓝舌病病毒（BTV）的体液免疫和细胞免疫反应进行了研究。通过琼脂凝胶免疫扩散测定，所有接种灭活BTV的绵羊都产生了BTV群特异性非中和抗体。群特异性、非中和、补体结合抗体的产生情况各不相同，似乎取决于免疫用BTV血清型、绵羊品种和个体差异。接种灭活BTV后从未检测到病毒中和抗体。在所有接种的Warhill绵羊以及3只接种的萨福克杂交绵羊中的1只的细胞中，观察到了对BTV可溶性抗原的体外淋巴细胞刺激。补体结合滴度似乎与观察到的保护程度无关，即攻毒暴露后病毒血症的持续时间。攻毒暴露后中和抗体滴度的产生与保护性免疫呈负相关。淋巴细胞刺激试验中对BTV抗原的反应产生与保护最为密切相关。与萨福克杂交绵羊相比，接种灭活BTV的Warhill绵羊在活病毒攻毒暴露时得到了更好的保护。与相同品种的攻毒暴露对照绵羊相比，约30%接种的萨福克杂交绵羊在攻毒暴露后出现蓝舌病临床症状加重。
