Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden.
Nutrients. 2018 Jun 8;10(6):745. doi: 10.3390/nu10060745.
Our objective was to validate vitamin D intake from a short vitamin D questionnaire (VDQ) and a longer online food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) against a food record and 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) as a biomarker of vitamin D status, among pregnant women in Sweden. The number of women included was 1125 with VDQ, FFQ and 25OHD, and of those, 64 also completed the food record. Median vitamin D intakes were 3.9 µg by VDQ ( < 0.001), and 5.3 µg by FFQ ( = 0.89), compared to 5.0 µg by food record. Correlations between vitamin D intake from food record and VDQ (rho = 0.51, < 0.001) or FFQ (rho = 0.49, < 0.001) were similar. The VDQ and FFQ also had a similar ability to rank the individuals according to vitamin D intake. However, only vitamin D intake from the VDQ was significantly associated with vitamin D status as assessed by 25OHD. The validation coefficient for the VDQ was 0.68 and 0.75 for the FFQ. In conclusion, assessing dietary vitamin D intake is challenging, regardless of the dietary assessment method. The VDQ, that includes only four food items, is a valid, simple and useful tool in assessing vitamin D intake of pregnant women in Sweden, while imposing a minimal burden on women and researchers.
我们的目的是验证维生素 D 摄入量，采用短维生素 D 问卷 (VDQ) 和较长的在线食物频率问卷 (FFQ)，与食物记录和 25-羟维生素 D (25OHD) 相对比，25OHD 是维生素 D 状态的生物标志物，该研究对象为瑞典孕妇。纳入的女性人数为 1125 人，包括 VDQ、FFQ 和 25OHD，其中 64 人还完成了食物记录。VDQ 中位数维生素 D 摄入量为 3.9 µg（< 0.001），FFQ 为 5.3 µg（= 0.89），而食物记录为 5.0 µg。食物记录中维生素 D 摄入量与 VDQ（rho = 0.51，< 0.001）或 FFQ（rho = 0.49，< 0.001）之间的相关性相似。VDQ 和 FFQ 也具有根据维生素 D 摄入量对个体进行分类的相似能力。然而，只有 VDQ 中的维生素 D 摄入量与 25OHD 评估的维生素 D 状态显著相关。VDQ 的验证系数为 0.68，FFQ 的验证系数为 0.75。总之，评估膳食维生素 D 摄入量具有挑战性，无论使用哪种饮食评估方法都是如此。VDQ 仅包含四种食物，是评估瑞典孕妇维生素 D 摄入量的有效、简单且有用的工具，同时对女性和研究人员的负担最小。
