Naldaiz-Gastesi Neia, Bahri Ola A, López de Munain Adolfo, McCullagh Karl J A, Izeta Ander
Tissue Engineering Group, Bioengineering Area, Instituto Biodonostia, San Sebastian, Spain.
Neuroscience Area, Instituto Biodonostia, San Sebastian, Spain.
J Anat. 2018 Jun 12;233(3):275-88. doi: 10.1111/joa.12840.
The panniculus carnosus is a thin striated muscular layer intimately attached to the skin and fascia of most mammals, where it provides skin twitching and contraction functions. In humans, the panniculus carnosus is conserved at sparse anatomical locations with high interindividual variability, and it is considered of no functional significance (most possibly being a remnant of evolution). Diverse research fields (such as anatomy, dermatology, myology, neuroscience, surgery, veterinary science) use this unique muscle as a model, but several unknowns and misconceptions remain in the literature. In this article, we review what is currently known about panniculus carnosus structure, development, anatomical location, response to environmental stimuli and potential function(s), with the aim of putting together the evidence arising from the different research communities and raising interest in this unique muscle, which we postulate as an ideal model for both vascular and muscular research.
肉膜是一层薄的横纹肌层，紧密附着于大多数哺乳动物的皮肤和筋膜，在那里它发挥皮肤抽搐和收缩功能。在人类中，肉膜在稀疏的解剖位置保留，个体间差异很大，并且被认为没有功能意义（很可能是进化的残余）。不同的研究领域（如解剖学、皮肤病学、肌学、神经科学、外科学、兽医学）将这种独特的肌肉用作模型，但文献中仍存在一些未知和误解。在本文中，我们综述了目前关于肉膜的结构、发育、解剖位置、对环境刺激的反应和潜在功能的已知信息，目的是整合来自不同研究群体的证据，并提高对这种独特肌肉的兴趣，我们假定它是血管和肌肉研究的理想模型。
