Psychology Department, University of Notre Dame, Indiana.
J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 2020 Feb 14;75(3):494-503. doi: 10.1093/geronb/gby046.
Exploration of development requires the use of research designs and process-oriented methodologies that can capture daily fluctuations within individuals, systematic changes within individuals, and differences between individuals. We examine the stress-affect relationship in this way to assess how the relationship between daily stress and negative affect (NA) as well as the relationship between daily stress and positive affect (PA) differs between individuals and changes over time depending on age and stress differences.
Participants (N = 966) completed daily "burst" assessments of stress, NA, and PA. Three-level multilevel models depicted how cross-sectional age, within-person age changes, and global stress differences impact the daily stress-affect relationship.
Findings illustrate that cross-sectional age and the aging process uniquely buffer the stress-NA relationship whereas global stress exacerbates it. Furthermore, older adults as well as adults with low global stress experience a weaker relationship between daily stress and PA as they age, but midlife adults and adults with high global stress experience a stronger relationship.
These results depict differences in aging trajectories for both midlife and older adults and thus inform intervention and preventative care strategies aimed toward promoting stress regulation.
探索发展需要使用研究设计和面向过程的方法，这些方法可以捕捉个体内部的日常波动、个体内部的系统变化以及个体之间的差异。我们以这种方式研究压力-情感关系，以评估个体之间的日常压力与负性情绪（NA）之间的关系以及日常压力与正性情绪（PA）之间的关系如何不同，以及随着时间的推移，这些关系如何因年龄和压力差异而发生变化。
参与者（N=966）完成了日常的“突发”压力、NA 和 PA 评估。三级多层模型描绘了横断面年龄、个体内年龄变化以及全球压力差异如何影响日常压力-情感关系。
研究结果表明，横断面年龄和衰老过程独特地缓冲了压力-NA 关系，而全球压力则加剧了这种关系。此外，随着年龄的增长，老年人以及全球压力较低的成年人在日常压力与 PA 之间的关系较弱，但中年人和全球压力较高的成年人之间的关系较强。
这些结果描绘了中年和老年人的衰老轨迹差异，从而为旨在促进压力调节的干预和预防保健策略提供了信息。
