Navarro Julio Cesar Acosta, Antoniazzi Luiza, Oki Adriana Midori, Bonfim Maria Carlos, Hong Valeria, Bortolotto Luiz Aparecido, Acosta-Cardenas Pedro, Sandrim Valeria, Miname Marcio Hiroshi, Santos Filho Raul Dias Dos
Instituto do Coração (InCor) - Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP - Brazil.
Hospital Regional de Ferraz de Vasconcelos - Osiris Florindo,São Paulo, SP - Brazil.
Arq Bras Cardiol. 2018 May;110(5):430-437. doi: 10.5935/abc.20180073.
Recent studies have shown a lower prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MSyn) in vegetarians (VEG) despite the inconclusive evidence from others.
To verify the association between diet and other lifestyle characteristics and the prevalence of MSyn, cardiovascular risk factors (CRF), and Framingham Risk Score (FRS) in apparently healthy VEG and omnivorous (OMN) men.
In this cross-sectional study, 88 apparently healthy men ≥ 35 years, 44 VEG and 44 OMN, were assessed for anthropometric data, blood pressure, blood lipids, glucose, C-reactive protein (CRP) and FRS. To test the association between lifestyle and MSyn, Student t test, chi-square test, and multiple logistic regression model were used. A significance level of 5% was considered in all statistical analyses.
Several CRF were significantly lower in VEG than in OMN: body mass index, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, fasting serum total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, apolipoprotein b, glucose, and glycated hemoglobin (all p < 0.05). The FRS mean was lower in VEG than in OMN (2.98 ± 3.7 vs 4.82 ± 4.8, p = 0.029). The percentage of individuals with MSyn was higher among OMN than among VEG (52.3 vs.15.9%) (p < 0.001). The OMN diet was associated with MSyn (OR: 6.28 95%CI 2.11-18.71) and alterations in most MSyn components in the multiple regression model independently of caloric intake, age and physical activity.
The VEG diet was associated with lower CRF, FRS and percentage of individuals with MSyn.
近期研究表明，素食者中代谢综合征（MSyn）的患病率较低，尽管其他研究证据尚无定论。
验证饮食及其他生活方式特征与明显健康的素食男性和杂食男性（OMN）中MSyn患病率、心血管危险因素（CRF）及弗雷明汉风险评分（FRS）之间的关联。
在这项横断面研究中，对88名年龄≥35岁的明显健康男性进行了评估，其中44名素食者（VEG）和44名杂食者（OMN），评估指标包括人体测量数据、血压、血脂、血糖、C反应蛋白（CRP）和FRS。为检验生活方式与MSyn之间的关联，采用了学生t检验、卡方检验和多元逻辑回归模型。所有统计分析的显著性水平均设定为5%。
素食者的多项CRF显著低于杂食者：体重指数、收缩压、舒张压、空腹血清总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、载脂蛋白b、血糖和糖化血红蛋白（均p<0.05）。素食者的FRS均值低于杂食者（2.98±3.7对4.82±4.8，p = 0.029）。杂食者中患有MSyn的个体百分比高于素食者（52.3对15.9%）（p<0.001）。在多元回归模型中，杂食饮食与MSyn相关（比值比：6.28，95%置信区间2.11 - 18.71），且与大多数MSyn组分的改变相关，独立于热量摄入、年龄和体力活动。
素食饮食与较低的CRF、FRS以及患有MSyn的个体百分比相关。
