Ruppert David S, Harrysson Ola L A, Marcellin-Little Denis J, Dahners Laurence E, Weinhold Paul S
Department of Biomedical Engineering, UNC-NCSU, United States.
Department of Biomedical Engineering, UNC-NCSU, United States; Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States.
Med Eng Phys. 2018 Jun 11. doi: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2018.05.003.
Transcutaneous osseointegrated prostheses provide stable connections to the skeleton while eliminating skin lesions experienced with socket prosthetics. Additive manufacturing can create custom textured implants capable of interfacing with amputees' residual bones. Our objective was to compare osseointegration of textured surface implants made by electron beam melting (EBM), an additive manufacturing process, to machine threaded implants. Whole body vibration was investigated to accelerate osseointegration. Two cohorts of Sprague-Dawley rats received bilateral, titanium implants (EBM vs. threaded) in their tibiae. One cohort comprising five groups vibrated at 45 Hz: 0.0 (control), 0.15, 0.3, 0.6 or 1.2 g was followed for six weeks. Osseointegration was evaluated through torsional testing and bone volume fraction (BV/TV). A second cohort, divided into two groups (control and 0.6 g), was followed for 24 days and evaluated for resonant frequency, bone-implant contact (BIC) and fluorochrome labeling. The EBM textured implants exhibited significantly improved mechanical stability independent of vibration, highlighting the benefits of using EBM to produce custom textured surfaces. Bone formation on and around the EBM textured implants increased compared to machined implants, as seen by BIC and fluorescence. No difference in torque, BIC or fluorescence among vibration levels was detected. BV/TV significantly increased at 0.6 g compared to control for both implant types.
经皮骨整合假体可与骨骼形成稳定连接，同时消除套接式假肢所导致的皮肤损伤。增材制造能够制造出可与截肢者残骨相适配的定制纹理植入物。我们的目标是比较通过增材制造工艺电子束熔炼（EBM）制造的纹理表面植入物与机加工螺纹植入物的骨整合情况。研究了全身振动对加速骨整合的作用。两组Sprague-Dawley大鼠在其胫骨中植入双侧钛植入物（EBM植入物与螺纹植入物）。一组包含五组，以45赫兹振动：0.0（对照组）、0.15、0.3、0.6或1.2克，持续观察六周。通过扭转测试和骨体积分数（BV/TV）评估骨整合情况。另一组分为两组（对照组和0.6克组），持续观察24天，并评估共振频率、骨-植入物接触（BIC）和荧光染料标记情况。EBM纹理植入物表现出显著改善的机械稳定性，与振动无关，突出了使用EBM制造定制纹理表面的益处。与机加工植入物相比，EBM纹理植入物及其周围的骨形成增加，这在BIC和荧光观察中可见。未检测到不同振动水平之间在扭矩、BIC或荧光方面存在差异。与对照组相比，两种植入物类型在0.6克时BV/TV均显著增加。
