Maden Malcolm
Department of Biology & UF Genetics Institute, University of Florida, rm 326 Bartram Hall, P.O. Box 118525, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
Burns. 2018 Sep;44(6):1509-1520. doi: 10.1016/j.burns.2018.05.018. Epub 2018 Jun 11.
The spiny mouse, Acomys cahirinus, shows remarkable regenerative abilities after excisional skin wounding by regrowing hair, sebaceous glands, smooth muscle, skeletal muscle and dermis without scarring. We have asked here whether this same regeneration can be seen after full thickness thermal burn injuries. Using a brass rod thermal injury model we show that in contrast to the lab mouse, Mus musculus, which forms a thick scar covered by a hairless epidermis, the spiny mouse regenerates all the tissues injured - skeletal muscle, dermis, hairs, sebaceous glands such that the skin is externally indistinguishable from its original appearance. Re-epithelialization is faster in Acomys than in Mus but ingression and proliferation of dermal fibroblasts is the same in both species. After 3 weeks the wound epithelium of Acomys has developed a covering of new hair follicles in contrast to Mus. The skeletal muscle of the panniculus carnosus in Mus shows some regeneration but it is incomplete and fibrotic whereas the Acomys muscle is replaced perfectly. There are differences in the macrophage profiles which invade the damaged tissues such as the absence of F4/80 or MOMA-2 +ve cells in Acomys which likely reflect different cytokine profiles resulting from the same injury in these two species.
刺毛鼠（Acomys cahirinus）在切除性皮肤创伤后表现出显著的再生能力，能够再生毛发、皮脂腺、平滑肌、骨骼肌和真皮，且不留疤痕。我们在此探究了全层热烧伤后是否能观察到同样的再生情况。使用黄铜棒热损伤模型，我们发现，与形成由无毛表皮覆盖的厚疤痕的实验室小鼠小家鼠（Mus musculus）不同，刺毛鼠能再生所有受损组织——骨骼肌、真皮、毛发、皮脂腺，使得皮肤外观与原来毫无二致。刺毛鼠的上皮再形成比小家鼠更快，但两种物种的真皮成纤维细胞的侵入和增殖情况相同。3周后，与小家鼠不同，刺毛鼠的伤口上皮已形成一层新的毛囊覆盖物。小家鼠的肉膜骨骼肌有一定程度的再生，但不完全且出现纤维化，而刺毛鼠的肌肉则完全被替代。侵入受损组织的巨噬细胞谱存在差异，例如刺毛鼠中不存在F4/80或MOMA - 2阳性细胞，这可能反映了这两个物种在相同损伤后产生的不同细胞因子谱。
