Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee.
Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
Int J Cancer. 2018 Nov 1;143(9):2225-2237. doi: 10.1002/ijc.31608. Epub 2018 Aug 7.
Animal studies have shown that polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have antineoplastic and anti-inflammatory properties. Results from epidemiologic studies on specific types of PUFAs for lung cancer risk, however, are inconclusive. We prospectively evaluated the association of specific types of dietary PUFA intakes and lung cancer risk in two population-based cohort studies, the Shanghai Women's Health Study (SWHS) and Shanghai Men's Health Study (SMHS) with a total of 121,970 study participants (i.e., 65,076 women and 56,894 men). Dietary fatty acid intakes were derived from data collected at the baseline using validated food frequency questionnaires (FFQs). Cox proportional hazards model was performed to assess the association between PUFAs and lung cancer risk. Total, saturated and monounsaturated fatty acid intakes were not significantly associated with lung cancer risk. Total PUFAs intake was inversely associated with lung cancer risk [HRs and respective 95% CIs for quintiles 2-5 vs quintile 1: 0.84 (0.71-0.98), 0.97 (0.83-1.13), 0.86 (0.74-1.01) and 0.85 (0.73-1.00), p = 0.11]. However, DHA intake was positively associated with lung cancer risk [HRs and 95% CIs: 1.01 (0.86-1.19), 1.20 (1.03-1.41), 1.21 (1.03-1.42) and 1.24 (1.05-1.47), p = 0.001]. The ratio of n-6 PUFAs to n-3 PUFAs (i.e., 7:1) was inversely associated with lung cancer risk, particularly among never-smokers and adenocarcinoma patients. Total PUFAs and the ratio between n-6 PUFAs and n-3 PUFAs were inversely associated with lung cancer risk. This study highlights an important public health impact of PUFA intakes toward intervention/prevention programs of lung cancer.
动物研究表明，多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）具有抗肿瘤和抗炎特性。然而，针对肺癌风险的特定类型多不饱和脂肪酸的流行病学研究结果尚无定论。我们前瞻性地评估了两种基于人群的队列研究，即上海女性健康研究（SWHS）和上海男性健康研究（SMHS）中特定类型饮食多不饱和脂肪酸摄入与肺癌风险之间的关联，共有 121970 名研究参与者（即 65076 名女性和 56894 名男性）。饮食脂肪酸摄入量来自基线时使用经过验证的食物频率问卷（FFQ）收集的数据。Cox 比例风险模型用于评估多不饱和脂肪酸与肺癌风险之间的关系。总饱和脂肪酸和单不饱和脂肪酸的摄入量与肺癌风险无显著相关性。多不饱和脂肪酸总摄入量与肺癌风险呈负相关[五分位数 2-5 与五分位数 1 的 HRs 及相应 95%CI：0.84（0.71-0.98）、0.97（0.83-1.13）、0.86（0.74-1.01）和 0.85（0.73-1.00），p=0.11]。然而，二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）的摄入量与肺癌风险呈正相关[HRs 及 95%CI：1.01（0.86-1.19）、1.20（1.03-1.41）、1.21（1.03-1.42）和 1.24（1.05-1.47），p=0.001]。n-6 多不饱和脂肪酸与 n-3 多不饱和脂肪酸的比例（即 7:1）与肺癌风险呈负相关，尤其是在从不吸烟者和腺癌患者中。多不饱和脂肪酸总量和 n-6 多不饱和脂肪酸与 n-3 多不饱和脂肪酸的比值与肺癌风险呈负相关。本研究强调了多不饱和脂肪酸摄入量对肺癌干预/预防计划的重要公共卫生影响。
