定义恒河猴胎盘 miRNA 组：猴与人胎盘 miRNA 簇的表达保守性。
Defining the rhesus macaque placental miRNAome: Conservation of expression of placental miRNA clusters between the macaque and human.
机构信息
Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53715, USA.
Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53715, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53715, USA.
出版信息
Placenta. 2018 May;65:55-64. doi: 10.1016/j.placenta.2018.04.003. Epub 2018 Apr 11.
OBJECTIVE
Expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the human placenta is dynamic across gestation, with expression of miRNAs belonging to the C14MC, C19MC and miR-371-3 clusters. Specifically, miRNAs within the C19MC cluster are exclusively expressed in primates with predominant expression in the placenta. Non-human primates can be utilized to study developmental processes of placentation in vivo that cannot be assessed in the human placenta, however, miRNA expression has not been defined in the macaque placenta. Our objective was to profile miRNAs in the macaque placenta, hypothesizing that expression is conserved between the macaque and human placenta.
METHODS
Total RNA from first trimester and term macaque placentas (n = 4 per group) was analyzed through RNA-sequencing and validated by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR).
RESULTS
A total of 607 pre-miRNAs previously annotated in the macaque reference database (miRBase21) were detected, and 166 miRNAs were differentially expressed between first trimester and term placentas. A total of 457 unannotated sequences were detected and deemed candidate novel miRNAs by miRDeep2 software. Differential expression was confirmed for six of nine miRNAs evaluated by qRT-PCR. Comparative analysis demonstrated expression of several miRNA orthologs of human pregnancy-associated miRNA clusters in the macaque placenta.
CONCLUSIONS
Profiling placental miRNAs of the macaque revealed conserved expression of a number of miRNAs within the C14MC, C19MC and miR-371-3 clusters between the human and macaque. These results establish non-human primates as a model for human placentation and miRNA biology, with the prediction of their functional significance in placental development and function.
目的
人类胎盘内 microRNAs（miRNAs）的表达在妊娠过程中是动态变化的，其中属于 C14MC、C19MC 和 miR-371-3 簇的 miRNAs 表达。具体来说，C19MC 簇内的 miRNAs 仅在灵长类动物中特异性表达，在胎盘内表达占优势。非人类灵长类动物可用于研究胎盘形成的发育过程，而这些过程在人类胎盘内无法评估，但是猕猴胎盘中的 miRNA 表达尚未确定。我们的目的是分析猕猴胎盘中的 miRNAs，假设猕猴和人类胎盘之间的表达是保守的。
方法
通过 RNA 测序分析来自第一孕期和足月猕猴胎盘（每组 4 例）的总 RNA，并通过定量实时 PCR（qRT-PCR）进行验证。
结果
总共检测到 607 个先前在猕猴参考数据库（miRBase21）中注释的前体 miRNA，并且在第一孕期和足月胎盘之间有 166 个 miRNA 表达差异。总共检测到 457 个未注释的序列，并通过 miRDeep2 软件被认为是候选新的 miRNA。通过 qRT-PCR 评估的 9 个 miRNA 中的 6 个的差异表达得到了确认。比较分析表明，猕猴胎盘中存在几个与人类妊娠相关 miRNA 簇的 miRNA 同源物的表达。
结论
猕猴胎盘 miRNA 的分析揭示了人类和猕猴之间 C14MC、C19MC 和 miR-371-3 簇内的许多 miRNA 的保守表达。这些结果确立了非人类灵长类动物作为人类胎盘形成和 miRNA 生物学的模型，预测它们在胎盘发育和功能中的功能意义。
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