Nimmerichter Alfred, Weber Nikolaus J R, Wirth Klaus, Haller Andreas
Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Applied Sciences Wiener Neustadt, Johannes Gutenberg Str. 3, Wiener Neustadt A-2700, Austria.
Sports (Basel). 2015 Dec 31;4(1):1. doi: 10.3390/sports4010001.
This study investigated the trainability of decision-making and reactive agility via video-based visual training in young athletes. Thirty-four members of a national football academy (age: 14.4 ± 0.1 years) were randomly assigned to a training (VIS; 18) or a control group (CON; 16). In addition to the football training, the VIS completed a video-based visual training twice a week over a period of six weeks during the competition phase. Using the temporal occlusion technique, the players were instructed to react on one-on-one situations shown in 40 videos. The number of successful decisions and the response time were measured with a video-based test. In addition, the reactive-agility sprint test was used. VIS significantly improved the number of successful decisions (22.2 ± 3.6 s 29.8 ± 4.5 s; < 0.001), response time (0.41 ± 0.10 s 0.31 ± 0.10 s; 0.006) and reactive agility (2.22 ± 0.33 s 1.94 ± 0.11 s; 0.001) pre- post-training. No significant differences were found for CON. The results have shown that video-based visual training improves the time to make decisions as well as reactive agility sprint-time, accompanied by an increase in successful decisions. It remains to be shown whether or not such training can improve simulated or actual game performance.
本研究通过基于视频的视觉训练，调查了年轻运动员决策能力和反应敏捷性的可训练性。一所国家足球学院的34名成员（年龄：14.4±0.1岁）被随机分配到训练组（VIS；18人）或对照组（CON；16人）。除足球训练外，VIS组在比赛阶段的六周时间里，每周进行两次基于视频的视觉训练。使用时间遮挡技术，指导球员对40个视频中展示的一对一情况做出反应。通过基于视频的测试测量成功决策的数量和反应时间。此外，还使用了反应敏捷性短跑测试。训练前到训练后，VIS组显著提高了成功决策的数量（22.2±3.6秒对29.8±4.5秒；P<0.001）、反应时间（0.41±0.10秒对0.31±0.10秒；P=0.006）和反应敏捷性（2.22±0.33秒对1.94±0.11秒；P=0.001）。CON组未发现显著差异。结果表明，基于视频的视觉训练可改善决策时间以及反应敏捷性短跑时间，并伴随着成功决策数量的增加。这种训练是否能提高模拟或实际比赛表现还有待证明。
