Chaalali A, Rouissi M, Chtara M, Owen A, Bragazzi N L, Moalla W, Chaouachi A, Amri M, Chamari K
Tunisian Research Laboratory "Sport Performance Optimization", National Center of Medicine and Science in Sports Tunis, Tunisia.
Servette Centre for Football Research (SCFR), Servette Football Club, Geneva, Switzerland; Centre de Recherche et d'Innovation sur le Sport, Université Claude Bernard Lyon.1, Lyon, France.
Biol Sport. 2016 Dec;33(4):345-351. doi: 10.5604/20831862.1217924. Epub 2016 Sep 10.
The aim of this study was to compare the effect of two different training programmes - change of direction (COD) vs. agility (AG) - on straight sprint (SS), COD and AG test performances in young elite soccer players. Thirty-two soccer players (age: 14.5±0.9 years; height: 171.2±5.1 cm; body mass: 56.4±7.1 kg, body fat: 10.3±2.3%) participated in a short-term (6 weeks) training study. Players were randomly assigned to two experimental groups - training with change of direction drills (COD-G, n=11) or using agility training (AG-G, n= 11) - and to a control group (CON-G, n=10). All players completed the following tests before and after training: straight sprint (15m SS), 15 m agility run with (15m-AR-B) and without a ball (15m-AR), 5-0-5 agility test, reactive agility test (RAT), and RAT test with ball (RAT-B). A significant group effect was observed for all tests (p<0.001; η=large). In 15m SS, COD-G and AG-G improved significantly (2.21; ES=0.57 and 2.18%; ES=0.89 respectively) more than CON-G (0.59%; ES=0.14). In the 15m-AR and 5-0-5 agility test, COD-G improved significantly more (5.41%; ES=1.15 and 3.41; ES=0.55 respectively) than AG-G (3.65%; ES=1.05 and 2.24; ES=0.35 respectively) and CON-G (1.62%; ES=0.96 and 0.97; ES=0.19 respectively). Improvements in RAT and RAT-B were larger (9.37%; ES=2.28 and 7.73%; ES=2.99 respectively) in RAT-G than the other groups. In conclusion, agility performance amongst young elite soccer could be improved using COD training. Nevertheless, including a conditioning programme for agility may allow a high level of athletic performance to be achieved.
本研究的目的是比较两种不同训练方案——变向（COD）训练与敏捷性（AG）训练——对年轻精英足球运动员直线冲刺（SS）、变向和敏捷性测试成绩的影响。32名足球运动员（年龄：14.5±0.9岁；身高：171.2±5.1厘米；体重：56.4±7.1千克，体脂率：10.3±2.3%）参与了一项短期（6周）训练研究。运动员被随机分为两个实验组——进行变向训练（COD组，n = 11）或进行敏捷性训练（AG组，n = 11）——以及一个对照组（CON组，n = 10）。所有运动员在训练前后均完成了以下测试：直线冲刺（15米SS）、带球（15米-AR-B）和不带球（15米-AR）的15米敏捷跑、5-0-5敏捷性测试、反应敏捷性测试（RAT）以及带球的RAT测试（RAT-B）。所有测试均观察到显著的组间效应（p<0.001；η=大）。在15米SS测试中，COD组和AG组的成绩显著提高（分别为2.21；效应量ES = 0.57和2.18%；ES = 0.89），高于CON组（0.59%；ES = 0.14）。在15米-AR和5-0-5敏捷性测试中，COD组的成绩显著提高幅度更大（分别为5.41%；ES = 1.15和3.41；ES = 0.55），高于AG组（分别为3.65%；ES = 1.05和2.24；ES = 0.35）和CON组（分别为1.62%；ES = 0.96和0.97；ES = 0.19）。RAT组在RAT和RAT-B测试中的成绩提高幅度更大（分别为9.37%；ES = 2.28和7.73%；ES = 2.99）。总之，使用COD训练可以提高年轻精英足球运动员的敏捷性表现。然而，纳入一项敏捷性训练计划可能有助于实现高水平的运动成绩。
