Ciocca Gianmarco, Tessitore Antonio, Mandorino Mauro, Tschan Harald
Centre for Sports Science and University Sports, University of Vienna, Auf der Schmelz 6 (USZ I), 1150 Vienna, Austria.
Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Piazza L. de Bosis 6, 00135 Rome, Italy.
Sports (Basel). 2022 Feb 27;10(3):31. doi: 10.3390/sports10030031.
Mental fatigue can impair physical, technical, and tactical performance in sports. Since most previous research used general cognitive tasks to elicit mental fatigue, the aim of this study was to investigate whether a more sport-specific task could induce the effects of mental fatigue and impair the subsequent physical and technical performance in a soccer small-sided game. Ten soccer players performed two small-sided games on two different days in a crossover design. Before each small-sided game, they performed a video-based tactical task (30 min) and a control task (documentary watching, 30 min) in a randomized and counterbalanced order. Mental effort was measured through a visual analog scale after the tactical and control tasks. Subjective ratings of perceived exertion were assessed through the RPE questionnaire after the end of the SSG. Physical performance was assessed during the SSG through GPS technology. Results showed no differences (p > 0.05) in physical performance between the two conditions. None of the technical variables were negatively affected by the video-based tactical condition, with the number of total passes (p = 0.003; ES = 0.72 medium) and successful passes (p = 0.003; ES = 0.82 large) results even improved by the video-based tactical task. The mental effort required by the video-tactical task was significantly higher than the control task (p = 0.002; ES = 2.09 huge). However, overall RPE did not differ between conditions. The video-based tactical task did not elicit mental fatigue and did not impair subsequent physical and technical performance. The higher ecological validity of the task and the higher motivation of the participants might have contributed to the results.
精神疲劳会损害运动中的身体、技术和战术表现。由于之前的大多数研究使用一般认知任务来引发精神疲劳,本研究的目的是调查一项更具运动特异性的任务是否会诱发精神疲劳的影响,并损害随后在小型足球比赛中的身体和技术表现。10名足球运动员采用交叉设计在两天内进行了两场小型足球比赛。在每场小型足球比赛前,他们以随机和平衡的顺序进行了一项基于视频的战术任务(30分钟)和一项对照任务(观看纪录片,30分钟)。在战术任务和对照任务后,通过视觉模拟量表测量精神努力程度。在小型足球比赛结束后,通过RPE问卷评估主观用力感觉评分。在小型足球比赛期间,通过GPS技术评估身体表现。结果显示,两种情况下的身体表现没有差异(p>0.05)。基于视频的战术条件对任何技术变量均无负面影响,基于视频的战术任务甚至使总传球次数(p = 0.003;ES = 0.72,中等)和成功传球次数(p = 0.003;ES = 0.8