Lockie Robert G, Davis DeShaun L, Birmingham-Babauta Samantha A, Beiley Megan D, Hurley Jillian M, Stage Alyssa A, Stokes John J, Tomita Tricia M, Torne Ibett A, Lazar Adrina
Department of Kinesiology, California State University, Northridge, CA 91330, USA.
Sports (Basel). 2016 Jun 8;4(2):34. doi: 10.3390/sports4020034.
Freshmen college soccer players will have lower training ages than their experienced teammates (sophomores, juniors, seniors). How this is reflected in field test performance is not known. Freshmen ( = 7) and experienced ( = 10) male field soccer players from the same Division I school completed soccer-specific tests to identify potential differences in incoming freshmen. Testing included: vertical jump (VJ), standing broad jump, and triple hop (TH); 30-m sprint, (0⁻5, 5⁻10, 0⁻10, and 0⁻30 m intervals); 505 change-of-direction test; Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test Level 2 (YYIRT2); and 6 × 30-m sprints to measure repeated-sprint ability. A MANOVA with Bonferroni was conducted on the performance test data, and effect sizes and z-scores were calculated from the results for magnitude-based inference. There were no significant between-group differences in the performance tests. There were moderate effects for the differences in VJ height, left-leg TH, 0⁻5, 0⁻10 and 0⁻30 m sprint intervals, and YYIRT2 ( = 0.63⁻1.18), with experienced players being superior. According to z-score data, freshmen had meaningful differences below the squad mean in the 30-m sprint, YYIRT2, and jump tests. Freshmen soccer players may need to develop linear speed, high-intensity running, and jump performance upon entering a collegiate program.
大学一年级的足球运动员训练年限会比经验丰富的队友（大二、大三、大四学生）少。目前尚不清楚这在实地测试表现中是如何体现的。来自同一一级联盟学校的7名大一和10名经验丰富的男性足球运动员完成了特定于足球的测试，以确定新入学大一学生的潜在差异。测试包括：垂直纵跳（VJ）、立定跳远和三级跳（TH）；30米短跑（0至5米、5至10米、0至10米和0至30米区间）；505变向测试；Yo-Yo间歇恢复测试二级（YYIRT2）；以及6次30米短跑以测量重复冲刺能力。对性能测试数据进行了带有Bonferroni校正的多变量方差分析，并根据基于量级推断的结果计算效应量和z分数。在性能测试中，组间没有显著差异。在垂直纵跳高度、左腿三级跳、0至5米、0至10米和0至30米短跑区间以及YYIRT2方面存在中等效应（效应量=0.63至1.18），经验丰富的球员表现更优。根据z分数数据，大一学生在30米短跑、YYIRT2和跳跃测试中的成绩明显低于球队平均水平。大学一年级足球运动员在进入大学项目后可能需要提高直线速度、高强度跑步和跳跃能力。
