JP Sports-Athletes Performance Assessment, 810 00 Bratislava, Slovakia.
Institute of Physical Education and Sport, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 11 Košice, Slovakia.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Dec 7;19(24):16402. doi: 10.3390/ijerph192416402.
High-intensity intermittent performance in soccer is widely assessed using the yo-yo intermittent recovery level 2 test (YYIR2). This test is usually associated with aerobic-anaerobic performance. However, less is known about the direct or indirect contributions of abilities, including the anaerobic component. This study aims to propose a three-level model of factors contributing to YYIR2 performance, based on the investigation of relationships with aerobic endurance, repeated-sprint ability (RSA), and the linear and change-of-direction speed and power variables. Eighteen soccer players performed the YYIR2, with a 20-m shuttle run test (20mSR), an RSA test with change-of-direction, 5-m and 20-m sprints, and a 505 test, countermovement jump, squat jump, and drop jump. The results showed a significant relationship between the YYIR2 distance and the 20mSR distance ( = 0.721, = 0.001), as well as with the RSA test mean time ( = -0.594, = 0.009). In the second level, the 20mSR distance performance was not associated with any of the speed and power variables. However, the RSA test mean time correlated with the 5-m sprint ( = 0.587, = 0.010), 20-m sprint ( = 0.702, = 0.001), and 505 test ( = 0.585 = 0.011) performance. In the third level, the 20-m sprint time was related to the squat jump ( = -0.577 = 0.012) and countermovement jump ( = -0.768 < 0.001) heights. In addition to aerobic endurance, this study highlights the importance of the anaerobic component in YYIR2 performance. More specifically, aerobic endurance (52%) and RSA (36%) are the main determinants of YYIR2 performance. Subsequently, the RSA performance is determined by the linear (34-49%) and change-of-direction speed (35%), while the explosive power of lower limbs contributes to sprinting performance (33-59%). Coaches should focus on the development of these abilities to improve the high-intensity intermittent performance of soccer players.
高强度间歇性足球表现通常使用 yo-yo 间歇性恢复水平 2 测试（YYIR2）进行评估。该测试通常与有氧-无氧能力相关。然而，对于包括无氧成分在内的能力的直接或间接贡献知之甚少。本研究旨在基于对有氧耐力、重复冲刺能力（RSA）以及线性和变向速度和力量变量关系的研究，提出一个 YYIR2 表现的三因素贡献模型。18 名足球运动员进行了 YYIR2 测试、20 米折返跑测试（20mSR）、变向 RSA 测试、5 米和 20 米冲刺测试以及 505 测试、深蹲跳、立定跳和跳深测试。结果表明，YYIR2 距离与 20mSR 距离之间存在显著关系（ = 0.721， = 0.001），与 RSA 测试平均时间之间也存在显著关系（ = -0.594， = 0.009）。在第二级，20mSR 距离表现与任何速度和力量变量均不相关。然而，RSA 测试平均时间与 5 米冲刺（ = 0.587， = 0.010）、20 米冲刺（ = 0.702， = 0.001）和 505 测试（ = 0.585， = 0.011）表现相关。在第三级，20 米冲刺时间与深蹲跳（ = -0.577， = 0.012）和纵跳（ = -0.768， < 0.001）高度相关。除了有氧耐力，本研究还强调了无氧成分在 YYIR2 表现中的重要性。具体来说，有氧耐力（52%）和 RSA（36%）是 YYIR2 表现的主要决定因素。随后，RSA 表现由线性（34-49%）和变向速度（35%）决定，而下肢爆发力则有助于冲刺表现（33-59%）。教练应重点发展这些能力，以提高足球运动员的高强度间歇性表现。
