Legg Jan, Pyne David B, Semple Stuart, Ball Nick
Strength and Conditioning, Australian Institute of Sport, Bruce 2617, Australia.
Research Institute for Sport and Exercise, University of Canberra, Bruce 2617, Australia.
Sports (Basel). 2017 Nov 4;5(4):85. doi: 10.3390/sports5040085.
The purpose of this study was to quantify changes in jump performance and variability in elite female basketballers. Junior and senior female representative basketball players ( = 10) aged 18 ± 2 years participated in this study. Countermovement jump (CMJ) data was collected with a Gymaware™ optical encoder at pre-, mid-, and post-season time points across 10 weeks. Jump performance was maintained across the course of the full season (from pre to post). Concentric peak velocity, jump height, and dip showed the most stability from pre- to post-season, with the %CV ranging from 5.6⁻8.9%. In the period of the highest training load (mid-season), the variability of within-subject performance was reduced by approximately 2⁻4% in all measures except for jump height. Altered jump mechanics through a small (0.26 effect size) increase in dip were evident at mid-season, suggesting that CMJ analysis is useful for coaches to use as an in-season monitoring tool. The highest coefficient of variation (8⁻22%CV) in inter-set scores in all measures except eccentric peak velocity also occurred mid-season. It appears that in-season load not only impairs jump performance, but also movement variability in basketball players.
本研究的目的是量化精英女篮运动员跳跃成绩的变化和变异性。18±2岁的初级和高级女子代表性篮球运动员（n = 10）参与了本研究。在为期10周的季前、季中、季后时间点，使用Gymaware™光学编码器收集反向移动跳跃（CMJ）数据。整个赛季（从季前到季后）跳跃成绩保持稳定。向心峰值速度、跳跃高度和下蹲深度从季前到季后表现出最大的稳定性，变异系数（%CV）范围为5.6⁻8.9%。在训练负荷最高的时期（季中），除跳跃高度外，所有测量指标的受试者内成绩变异性均降低了约2⁻4%。季中时，下蹲深度小幅增加（效应量为0.26）导致跳跃力学改变，这表明CMJ分析对教练作为赛季中的监测工具很有用。除离心峰值速度外，所有测量指标组间得分的最高变异系数（8⁻22%CV）也出现在季中。看来赛季中的负荷不仅会损害篮球运动员的跳跃成绩，还会影响其动作变异性。
