Jahani-Sherafat Somayeh, Alebouyeh Masoud, Moghim Sharareh, Ahmadi Amoli Hamed, Ghasemian-Safaei Hajieh
Microbiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Foodborne and Waterborne Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Gastroenterol Hepatol Bed Bench. 2018 Spring;11(2):101-109.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most frequently diagnosed cancers worldwide. Lifestyle is identified as one of the most important risk factors for CRC, especially in sporadic colorectal cancer. The natural composition of the gut microbiota changes rapidly during the first decade of life. Maintaining homeostasis in the gut is essential as structural and metabolic functions of the commensal microbiota inhibit gut colonization of pathogens. Dysbiosis, imbalance in function or structure of gut microbiota, has been associated with a variety of diseases, such as colorectal cancer. The aim of this review was to investigate the possible links between the dysbiosis in gut microbiota and colorectal cancer, and the potential role of anaerobic gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer. Based on this review, various studies have shown that some of the gut microbiota such as anaerobic bacteria significantly increased in CRC patients, but we suggest more investigations are required to assess the importance of these bacteria and their metabolites in the pathogenesis of CRC are required.
结直肠癌（CRC）是全球最常被诊断出的癌症之一。生活方式被认为是结直肠癌最重要的风险因素之一，尤其是在散发性结直肠癌中。肠道微生物群的自然组成在生命的第一个十年中会迅速变化。维持肠道内的稳态至关重要，因为共生微生物群的结构和代谢功能可抑制病原体在肠道的定植。肠道微生物群功能或结构的失衡，即生态失调，与多种疾病有关，如结直肠癌。本综述的目的是研究肠道微生物群生态失调与结直肠癌之间的可能联系，以及厌氧肠道微生物群在结直肠癌发病机制中的潜在作用。基于本综述，各种研究表明，一些肠道微生物群，如厌氧细菌，在结直肠癌患者中显著增加，但我们认为需要更多研究来评估这些细菌及其代谢产物在结直肠癌发病机制中的重要性。
