McNeill Charleen C, Killian Tim S, Moon Zola, Way Kelly A, Betsy Garrison M E
1 Fayetteville State University, NC, USA.
2 University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA.
Int Q Community Health Educ. 2018 Jul;38(4):233-243. doi: 10.1177/0272684X18781792.
Objective The purpose of this study was to assess the self-reported level of individual emergency preparedness, the dependent variable, of people who attended a community health-related fair. The study's independent variables included demographic characteristics, perceptions of preparedness, previous disaster experience, and the presence of a medical condition and were used to examine the variability in self-reported emergency preparedness levels. Methods Data came from attendees at two community health-related fairs. Multivariate analysis on 188 participants was performed. A model predicting preparedness levels with demographic variables was constructed; successive models were built adding perceptions of preparedness, personal experiences with disasters, and presence of a medical condition. Results Preparedness levels varied little across sociodemographic dimensions explaining virtually no variance in overall preparedness. Subsequent models adding perceptions of preparedness and personal experiences significantly increased the explained variance to 40%. Of participants who reported a medical condition, the model including discussions about emergency preparedness with health-care providers explained 67% of the variance in overall preparedness levels. Conclusion The strong, positive relationship between the health-care provider and preparedness levels indicates a pathway for effecting change in preparedness levels and ultimately community health after an emergency. The inclusion of such education at community events should be considered. Research agendas should include providing evidence for the contents of disaster supply kits.
目的 本研究旨在评估参加社区健康相关活动的人群自我报告的个人应急准备水平（因变量）。该研究的自变量包括人口统计学特征、对应急准备的认知、以往的灾害经历以及是否患有疾病，用于检验自我报告的应急准备水平的变异性。方法 数据来自两个社区健康相关活动的参与者。对188名参与者进行了多变量分析。构建了一个用人口统计学变量预测准备水平的模型；随后建立的模型加入了对应急准备的认知、个人灾害经历以及是否患有疾病。结果 应急准备水平在社会人口统计学维度上差异不大，几乎无法解释总体应急准备的差异。随后加入对应急准备的认知和个人经历的模型显著将可解释方差提高到了40%。在报告患有疾病的参与者中，包含与医疗保健提供者讨论应急准备的模型解释了总体应急准备水平67%的方差。结论 医疗保健提供者与应急准备水平之间的强正相关关系表明了一条在紧急情况后影响应急准备水平并最终影响社区健康的变革途径。应考虑在社区活动中纳入此类教育。研究议程应包括为应急物资储备包的内容提供证据。
