Heagele Tara, Samuels William Ellery, Wholeben Melissa, Nurse-Clarke Natasha, Adams Lavonne M, McNeill Charleen
Hunter-Bellevue School of Nursing, Hunter College, The City University of New York, New York, United States.
College of Nursing, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas, United States.
Health Emerg Disaster Nurs. 2024 Mar 22;11(1):53-65. doi: 10.24298/hedn.2022-0009. Epub 2023 Jul 13.
This research evaluated the effect of a nurse-facilitated intervention on elderly or medically frail community members' level of household emergency preparedness as measured in knowledge, actions taken, and supplies gathered. These community members had access and functional needs that must be accommodated during disasters to mitigate their increased risk of injury, illness, and death because of the disaster. With adequate preparedness, it is plausible these community members may survive the aftermath of a disaster without needing assistance from disaster responders.
This was a non-randomized, single group, before-after feasibility study ( = 31) conducted in a one-on-one session with a nurse interventionist in an urban community setting in the United States of America. We used the Household Emergency Preparedness Instrument to measure intervention effectiveness and a Participant Experience Survey to evaluate participant satisfaction with the intervention. The intervention included an educational booklet that provided instruction to participants on how to create a disaster-related evacuation and communication plan and identify community resources. Upon completion of the booklet, participants received a complimentary disaster supply kit.
Mean general preparedness scores increased from 5.5 ( = 4.1) pre-intervention to 20.2 (SD = 3.1) post-intervention ( < .001). Preparedness in all sub-scales also increased significantly (all s < .001).
Study findings provide support for the feasibility of the intervention to increase all measured aspects of emergency preparedness (knowledge, behaviors, and supplies) among elderly and medically frail adults with access and functional needs during disasters.
本研究评估了由护士推动的干预措施对老年或身体虚弱的社区成员家庭应急准备水平的影响，该水平通过知识、采取的行动和收集的物资来衡量。这些社区成员有在灾难期间必须得到满足的需求和功能需求，以减轻因灾难而增加的受伤、患病和死亡风险。有了充分的准备，这些社区成员有可能在灾难后果中幸存下来，而无需灾难应对人员的援助。
这是一项在美国城市社区环境中与护士干预者进行一对一访谈的非随机、单组前后可行性研究（n = 31）。我们使用家庭应急准备工具来衡量干预效果，并使用参与者体验调查来评估参与者对干预的满意度。干预措施包括一本教育手册，向参与者提供如何制定与灾难相关的疏散和沟通计划以及识别社区资源的指导。手册完成后，参与者会收到一个免费的灾难应急包。
平均总体准备得分从干预前的5.5（标准差 = 4.1）提高到干预后的20.2（标准差 = 3.1）（P <.001）。所有子量表的准备水平也显著提高（所有P值 <.001）。
研究结果支持了该干预措施在提高有需求和功能需求的老年人及身体虚弱成年人在灾难期间应急准备的所有衡量方面（知识、行为和物资）的可行性。
