Killian Timothy S, Moon Zola K, McNeill Charleen, Garrison Betsy, Moxley Shari
University of Arkansas,Fayetteville,Arkansas.
Disaster Med Public Health Prep. 2017 Feb;11(1):80-89. doi: 10.1017/dmp.2016.162. Epub 2017 Jan 9.
This article conceptualized emergency preparedness as a complex, multidimensional construct and empirically examined an array of sociodemographic, motivation, and barrier variables as predictors of levels of emergency preparedness.
The authors used the 2010 wave of the Health and Retirement Study's emergency preparedness module to focus on persons 50 years old and older in the United States by use of logistic regression models and reconsidered a previous analysis.
The models demonstrated 3 key findings: (1) a lack of preparedness is widespread across virtually all sociodemographic variables and regions of the country; (2) an authoritative voice, in the role of health care personnel, was a strong predictor of preparedness; and (3) previous experience in helping others in a disaster predisposes individuals to be better prepared. Analyses also suggest the need for caution in creating simple summative indexes and the need for further research into appropriate measures of preparedness.
This population of older persons was generally not well prepared for emergencies, and this lack of preparedness was widespread across social, demographic, and economic groups in the United States. Findings with implications for policy and outreach include the importance of health care providers discussing preparedness and the use of experienced peers for outreach. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2017;11:80-89).
本文将应急准备概念化为一个复杂的多维结构，并实证检验了一系列社会人口统计学、动机和障碍变量，作为应急准备水平的预测因素。
作者使用了2010年健康与退休研究的应急准备模块，通过逻辑回归模型聚焦于美国50岁及以上的人群，并重新审视了之前的一项分析。
模型显示了3个关键发现：（1）几乎在所有社会人口统计学变量和美国各地区，应急准备不足的情况都很普遍；（2）医护人员角色中的权威声音是应急准备的有力预测因素；（3）以前在灾难中帮助他人的经历使个人更倾向于做好准备。分析还表明，在创建简单的汇总指标时需要谨慎，并且需要进一步研究合适的应急准备衡量标准。
这一老年人群体总体上对应急情况准备不足，而且这种准备不足在美国的社会、人口和经济群体中普遍存在。对政策和宣传有影响的研究结果包括医护人员讨论应急准备的重要性以及利用有经验的同龄人进行宣传。（《灾难医学与公共卫生准备》。2017年；11:80 - 89）
