Lipson Michael J, Brooks Moya M, Koffler Bruce H
Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science (M.J.L.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; and Koffler Vison Group (B.H.K.), Lexington, KY.
Eye Contact Lens. 2018 Jul;44(4):224-230. doi: 10.1097/ICL.0000000000000520.
The prevalence of myopia and high myopia has significantly increased worldwide and in the United States. The serious implications of these trends are being recognized. Myopia is not just a minor inconvenience requiring vision correction with glasses or contact lenses, but a disease process creating significant risk of serious vision-threatening eye disease. Various methods of treatment for myopia and myopic progression have been prescribed and studied in effort to find one that is effective, safe, and that patients will be compliant with. Numerous peer-reviewed studies have shown orthokeratology (OrthoK) is effective in slowing myopic progression. This review article covers the development of OrthoK, its mechanism of action, its evolution, and refinement from a refractive option to its use as a mean of slowing myopic progression. After detailing patterns of myopia progression, a description of theories and studies as to how OrthoK slows myopia progression in children is also explained. The review will focus on progression of myopia and the use of OrthoK to slow myopia progression after myopia has been diagnosed.
在全球范围内以及美国，近视和高度近视的患病率都显著上升。这些趋势的严重影响正在得到认识。近视不仅仅是需要通过眼镜或隐形眼镜进行视力矫正的小麻烦，而是一种会引发严重视力威胁性眼病重大风险的疾病过程。为了找到一种有效、安全且患者会依从的方法，人们已经开出并研究了各种治疗近视和近视进展的方法。众多同行评审研究表明，角膜塑形术（OrthoK）在减缓近视进展方面是有效的。这篇综述文章涵盖了角膜塑形术的发展、其作用机制、从屈光矫正手段到作为减缓近视进展方法的演变及改进。在详细阐述近视进展模式之后，还解释了关于角膜塑形术如何减缓儿童近视进展的理论和研究。本综述将聚焦于近视的进展以及在近视被诊断后使用角膜塑形术来减缓近视进展。
