Chandler S H, Alexander E R, Holmes K K
J Infect Dis. 1985 Aug;152(2):249-56. doi: 10.1093/infdis/152.2.249.
Cervical cultures for cytomegalovirus (CMV) and samples of blood for antibody to CMV were obtained from 1,129 pregnant women: 57% of the women had antibody to CMV, and 14% of seropositive women shed virus. Logistic regression analysis showed that seropositivity correlated with lower socioeconomic status, birth outside North America, multigravidity, older age, history of abnormal cervical cytology, infection with Trichomonas vaginalis, a first pregnancy at less than or equal to 15 years of age, and greater total numbers of sex partners. Thus, past exposure to CMV relates both to sociocultural factors and to sexual behavior. Absence of such risk factors identifies women who are at highest risk for primary infection with CMV during pregnancy. Culture positivity in seropositive women was independently associated with younger age, later stages of pregnancy, and race. Among seropositive women less than or equal to 21 years of age, 35% shed CMV in the third trimester, a finding of epidemiological importance with regard to perinatal transmission.
从1129名孕妇身上采集了宫颈巨细胞病毒（CMV）培养物和血液样本以检测CMV抗体：57%的女性有CMV抗体，14%的血清阳性女性排出病毒。逻辑回归分析表明，血清阳性与社会经济地位较低、在北美以外地区出生、多孕、年龄较大、宫颈细胞学异常病史、阴道毛滴虫感染、首次怀孕年龄小于或等于15岁以及性伴侣总数较多有关。因此，过去接触CMV既与社会文化因素有关，也与性行为有关。不存在这些风险因素可识别出孕期原发性CMV感染风险最高的女性。血清阳性女性的培养阳性与年龄较小、妊娠晚期和种族独立相关。在年龄小于或等于21岁的血清阳性女性中，35%在妊娠晚期排出CMV，这一发现对于围产期传播具有流行病学重要性。
