Centre for Health Research and Development, Society for Applied Studies, New Delhi, India.
Centre for Intervention Science in Maternal and Child Health, Centre for International Health, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
BMJ Open. 2018 Jun 22;8(6):e020384. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-020384.
Low birth weight (LBW) is a risk factor for neonatal mortality and morbidity. It is important to examine whether this risk persists beyond neonatal period. The current secondary data analysis aimed to examine association of birth weight with mortality, hospitalisation and breast feeding practices during infancy.
Data from a large randomised controlled trial of neonatal vitamin A supplementation (Neovita) trial were used. Log binomial model was applied to assess association between birth weight and mortality, hospitalisation and breast feeding practices.
Rural Haryana, North India.
Newborns recruited in the primary intervention trial that aimed to evaluate the effect of single-dose oral vitamin A supplementation on mortality in the first 6 months of life.
We recruited a total of 44 984 infants, of which 10 658 (23.7%) were born LBW, that is, birth weight less than 2500 g. In the neonatal period, LBW babies had four times higher risk of mortality (relative risk (RR) 3.92; 95% CI 3.33 to 4.66) compared with normal birthweight babies. In the postneonatal period, the risk was two times higher (RR 1.92; 95% CI 1.71 to 2.15); even higher in those with birth weight <2000 g (RR 3.38; 95% CI 2.71 to 4.12). The risk of hospitalisation in the neonatal period and postneonatal period was (RR 1.86; 95% CI 1.64 to 2.11) and (RR 1.13; 95% CI 1.05 to 1.21), respectively. LBWs were at increased risk of breast feeding initiation 24 hours after birth (RR 1.64; 95% CI 1.45 to 1.81), no breast feeding at 6 months (RR 1.34; 95% CI 1.23 to 1.46) and at 12 months of age (RR 1.24; 95% CI 1.18 to 1.30).
LBW babies, especially those with birth weight of <2000 g, were at increased risk of mortality, hospitalisation and suboptimal breast feeding practices during entire infancy and therefore require additional care beyond the first 28 days of life.
NCT01138449.
低出生体重（LBW）是新生儿死亡和发病的危险因素。重要的是要检查这种风险是否会持续到新生儿期之后。本二次数据分析旨在检查出生体重与死亡率、住院率和婴儿期母乳喂养实践之间的关系。
使用了一项大型随机对照维生素 A 补充剂新生儿试验（Neovita）的二次数据分析。应用对数二项式模型评估出生体重与死亡率、住院率和母乳喂养实践之间的关系。
印度北部哈里亚纳邦农村。
招募参加主要干预试验的新生儿，该试验旨在评估单剂量口服维生素 A 补充剂对生命头 6 个月内死亡率的影响。
我们共招募了 44984 名婴儿，其中 10658 名（23.7%）出生体重不足 2500 克，即低出生体重儿。在新生儿期，低出生体重儿的死亡风险是正常出生体重儿的四倍（相对风险（RR）3.92；95%置信区间（CI）3.33 至 4.66）。在新生儿后期，风险增加了两倍（RR 1.92；95%CI 1.71 至 2.15）；出生体重<2000 克的婴儿风险更高（RR 3.38；95%CI 2.71 至 4.12）。在新生儿期和新生儿后期，住院风险分别为（RR 1.86；95%CI 1.64 至 2.11）和（RR 1.13；95%CI 1.05 至 1.21）。低出生体重儿出生后 24 小时开始母乳喂养的风险增加（RR 1.64；95%CI 1.45 至 1.81），6 个月时不进行母乳喂养的风险增加（RR 1.34；95%CI 1.23 至 1.46），12 个月时母乳喂养的风险增加（RR 1.24；95%CI 1.18 至 1.30）。
LBW 婴儿，尤其是出生体重<2000 克的婴儿，在整个婴儿期死亡、住院和母乳喂养不良的风险增加，因此需要在生命的头 28 天之后提供额外的护理。
NCT01138449。
