Gupta Ramesh C, Srivastava Ajay, Lall Rajiv
Toxicology Department, Breathitt Veterinary Center, Murray State University, Hopkinsville, KY, USA.
Vets Plus Inc., Menomonie, WI, USA.
Methods Mol Biol. 2018;1800:367-394. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4939-7899-1_18.
By the turn of the twenty-first century, the use of nutraceuticals became increasingly popular in both humans and animals due to their easy access, cost-effectiveness, and tolerability with a wide margin of safety. While some nutraceuticals are safe, others have a toxic potential. For a large number of nutraceuticals, no toxicity/safety data are available due to a lack of pharmacological/toxicological studies. The safety of some nutraceuticals can be compromised via contamination with toxic plants, metals, mycotoxins, pesticides, fertilizers, drugs of abuse, etc. Knowledge of pharmacokinetic/toxicokinetic studies appears to play a pivotal role in safety and toxicity assessment of nutraceuticals. Interaction studies are essential to determine efficacy, safety, and toxicity when nutraceuticals and therapeutic drugs are used concomitantly. This chapter describes various aspects of nutraceuticals, particularly their toxic potential, and the factors influencing their safety.
到二十一世纪之交，由于营养保健品易于获取、性价比高且具有广泛的安全边际和耐受性，其在人类和动物中的使用越来越普遍。虽然一些营养保健品是安全的，但其他一些则具有潜在毒性。由于缺乏药理学/毒理学研究，大量营养保健品没有毒性/安全性数据。一些营养保健品的安全性可能会因被有毒植物、金属、霉菌毒素、农药、化肥、滥用药物等污染而受到影响。药代动力学/毒代动力学研究的知识似乎在营养保健品的安全性和毒性评估中起着关键作用。当营养保健品和治疗药物同时使用时，相互作用研究对于确定疗效、安全性和毒性至关重要。本章描述了营养保健品的各个方面，特别是它们的潜在毒性以及影响其安全性的因素。
