Department of Pediatrics, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine; UCLA Children's Discovery and Innovation Institute, Mattel Children's Hospital UCLA.
Department of Social Welfare, UCLA Luskin School of Public Affairs.
Acad Pediatr. 2019 Apr;19(3):342-350. doi: 10.1016/j.acap.2018.06.005. Epub 2018 Jun 21.
We sought to quantify the association between child incarceration in the United States and subsequent adult health outcomes.
We analyzed National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health data from 1727 adult (Wave IV) participants first incarcerated at age <25 years. Using chi-square tests and multivariate logistic regression models, we compared adult health outcomes (ie, mobility limitations, depressive symptoms, and suicidal thoughts) among those first incarcerated at age ≤14 years, 15 to 17 years, and 18 to 20 years, with those first incarcerated at 21 to 24 years as the reference group.
Of the 1727 participants, 105 (6.7%) were first incarcerated at age ≤14 years ("child incarceration category"), 315 (19.3%) were first incarcerated at 15 to 17 years, 696 (38.5%) were first incarcerated at 18 to 20 years, and 611 (35.6%) were first incarcerated at 21 to 24 years. Those first incarcerated as children (age ≤14 years) were disproportionately black or Hispanic compared with those first incarcerated at 15 to 24 years. Compared with first incarceration at age 21 to 24 years, child incarceration independently predicted adult mobility limitations (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 3.74; P = .001), adult depression (OR, 1.98; P = .034), and adult suicidal thoughts (OR, 4.47; P = .005).
Child incarceration displays even wider sociodemographic disparities than incarceration generally and is associated with even worse adult physical and mental health outcomes.
我们旨在量化美国儿童监禁与随后的成年健康结果之间的关联。
我们分析了来自 1727 名成年（第四波）参与者的国家青少年到成人健康纵向研究数据，这些参与者在<25 岁时首次被监禁。使用卡方检验和多变量逻辑回归模型，我们比较了在 14 岁及以下、15 至 17 岁和 18 至 20 岁首次被监禁的成年人的健康结果（即行动受限、抑郁症状和自杀念头）与在 21 至 24 岁首次被监禁的成年人作为参考组。
在 1727 名参与者中，有 105 名（6.7%）首次在 14 岁及以下被监禁（“儿童监禁类别”），315 名（19.3%）首次在 15 至 17 岁被监禁，696 名（38.5%）首次在 18 至 20 岁被监禁，611 名（35.6%）首次在 21 至 24 岁被监禁。与 15 至 24 岁首次被监禁的人相比，首次作为儿童（14 岁及以下）被监禁的人更多是黑人或西班牙裔。与 21 至 24 岁首次被监禁相比，儿童监禁独立预测成人行动受限（调整后的优势比[OR]，3.74；P =.001）、成人抑郁（OR，1.98；P =.034）和成人自杀念头（OR，4.47；P =.005）。
儿童监禁的社会人口学差异比一般监禁更为广泛，与更严重的成年身心健康结果相关。
