意大利大学生的能量饮料和人参消费情况：一项横断面研究。
Energy drink and ginseng consumption by Italian university students: a cross-sectional study.
作者信息
Majori S, Pilati S, Gazzani D, Paiano J, Ferrari S, Sannino A, Checchin E
机构信息
Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Hygiene and Preventive, Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Verona University, Postgraduate Specialization in Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, Verona University, Italy.
出版信息
J Prev Med Hyg. 2018 Mar 30;59(1):E63-E74. doi: 10.15167/2421-4248/jpmh2018.59.1.813. eCollection 2018 Mar.
INTRODUCTION
The consumption of energy drinks (ED) and ginseng by young people to enhance their mental and physical performance has become widespread. Reported side-effects of ED have raised doubts regarding their safety. This cross-sectional study investigates the phenomenon.
METHODS
An anonymous questionnaire was administered to a representative sample of Verona university students. The resulting data were analyzed with Excel 2013, STATA 13 software.
RESULTS
ED and ginseng consumption was reported by 38.6% and 37.4% of the students, respectively. More than 70% of ED and ginseng users were 18 to 22 years old. Excluding non-responders, ED consumers were mostly males (51.8% vs 33.0%), contrary to ginseng consumers (females 40.4% vs 30.9%). Being a working student was significantly positively associated both to EDs (OR 1.5) and ginseng use (OR 1.4). The most frequently reported academic and other reasons for ED use were: "to study longer" (47.5%), and "to socialize" (29.1%). The most often used combinations were ED containing alcohol (65.6%) and ginseng-coffee beverages (71.8%).
CONCLUSIONS
The diffusion of ED and ginseng consumption warrants prevention and monitoring measures, and deserves further analysis.
引言
年轻人饮用能量饮料（ED）和服用人参以提高精神和身体表现的现象已十分普遍。能量饮料所报告的副作用引发了对其安全性的质疑。本横断面研究对这一现象进行了调查。
方法
对维罗纳大学学生的代表性样本进行了匿名问卷调查。所得数据使用Excel 2013、STATA 13软件进行分析。
结果
分别有38.6%和37.4%的学生报告饮用能量饮料和服用人参。超过70%的能量饮料和人参使用者年龄在18至22岁之间。排除未回复者，能量饮料消费者大多为男性（51.8%对33.0%），与人参消费者情况相反（女性40.4%对30.9%）。身为勤工俭学的学生与饮用能量饮料（比值比1.5）和服用人参（比值比1.4）均显著正相关。报告的饮用能量饮料最常见的学业及其他原因是：“延长学习时间”（47.5%）和“社交”（29.1%）。最常使用的组合是含酒精的能量饮料（65.6%）和人参 - 咖啡饮品（71.8%）。
结论
能量饮料和人参消费的扩散需要预防和监测措施，值得进一步分析。
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