ARC Centre of Excellence for Cognition and Its Disorders (CCD), Department of Cognitive Science, Macquarie University, Australia.
ARC Centre of Excellence for Cognition and Its Disorders (CCD), Department of Cognitive Science, Macquarie University, Australia.
Cortex. 2018 Sep;106:151-163. doi: 10.1016/j.cortex.2018.04.008. Epub 2018 May 10.
Surface dyslexia is characterised by poor reading of irregular words while nonword reading can be completely normal. Previous work has identified several theoretical possibilities for the underlying locus of impairment in surface dyslexia. In this study, we systematically investigated whether children with surface dyslexia showed different patterns of reading performance that could be traced back to different underlying levels of impairment. To do this, we tested 12 English readers, replicating previous work in Hebrew (Gvion & Friedmann, 2013; 2016; Friedmann & Lukov, 2008; Friedmann & Gvion, 2016). In our sample, we found that poor irregular word reading was associated with deficits at the level of the orthographic input lexicon and with impaired access to meaning and spoken word forms after processing written words in the orthographic input lexicon. There were also children whose surface dyslexia seemed to be caused by impairments of the phonological output lexicon. We suggest that further evidence is required to unequivocally support a fourth pattern where the link between orthography and meaning is intact while the link between orthography and spoken word forms is not functioning. All patterns found were consistent with dual route theory while possible patterns of results, which would be inconsistent with dual route theory, were not detected.
表面失读症的特点是不规则单词阅读能力差，而单词认读能力可能完全正常。先前的研究已经确定了表面失读症损伤潜在部位的几种理论可能性。在这项研究中，我们系统地研究了患有表面失读症的儿童是否表现出不同的阅读表现模式，这些模式可以追溯到不同的潜在损伤水平。为此，我们测试了 12 名英语阅读者，复制了希伯来语（Gvion 和 Friedmann，2013；2016；Friedmann 和 Lukov，2008；Friedmann 和 Gvion，2016）的先前工作。在我们的样本中，我们发现不规则单词阅读能力差与在正字法输入词汇表的水平上存在缺陷有关，并且在处理正字法输入词汇表中的书面单词后，与意义和口语单词形式的获取受损有关。也有一些儿童的表面失读症似乎是由于语音输出词汇表的损伤引起的。我们建议需要进一步的证据来明确支持第四种模式，即拼写法和意义之间的联系完好无损，而拼写法和口语单词形式之间的联系不起作用。所有发现的模式都与双路径理论一致，而没有检测到与双路径理论不一致的可能结果模式。
