Centre for Experimental Medicine & Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
J Leukoc Biol. 2018 Aug;104(2):333-341. doi: 10.1002/JLB.3MR0218-062R. Epub 2018 Jun 27.
Ectopic (or tertiary) lymphoid structures (ELS) are organized aggregates of lymphocytes resembling secondary lymphoid organs and developing in chronically inflamed nonlymphoid tissues during persistent infections, graft rejection, autoimmune conditions, and cancer. In this review, we will first depict the mechanisms regulating ELS generation, focusing on the role played by lymphoid chemokines. We will then characterize ELS forming in target organs during autoimmune conditions, here exemplified by rheumatoid arthritis, and cancer, highlighting the relevance of the tissue-specific factors. Finally, we will discuss the clinical significance of ELS and the therapeutic potential of their inhibition and/or enhancement depending on the disease considered.
异位（或三级）淋巴样结构（ELS）是类似于次级淋巴器官的淋巴细胞聚集物，在持续性感染、移植物排斥、自身免疫性疾病和癌症等慢性炎症的非淋巴组织中形成。在这篇综述中，我们首先描述调节 ELS 生成的机制，重点关注淋巴趋化因子所发挥的作用。然后，我们将描述自身免疫性疾病和癌症等疾病中靶器官中形成的 ELS，并强调组织特异性因素的相关性。最后，我们将根据所考虑的疾病讨论 ELS 的临床意义以及抑制和/或增强其的治疗潜力。
