College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China.
School of Marxism, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2018 Aug;25(24):24338-24347. doi: 10.1007/s11356-018-2487-z. Epub 2018 Jun 14.
In this study, we investigated the effects of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) Funneliformis mosseae and Diversispora spurcum on the growth, antioxidant physiology, and uptake of phosphorus (P), sulfur (S), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), cadmium (Cd), and arsenic (As) by maize (Zea mays L.) grown in heavy metal-polluted soils though a potted plant experiment. F. mosseae significantly increased the plant chlorophyll a content, height, and biomass; decreased the HO and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents; and enhanced the superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities and the total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) in maize leaves; this effect was not observed with D. spurcum. Both F. mosseae and D. spurcum promoted the retention of heavy metals in roots and increased the uptake of Pb, Zn, Cd, and As, and both fungi restricted heavy metal transfer, resulting in decreased Pb, Zn, and Cd contents in shoots. Therefore, the fungi reduced the translocation factors for heavy metal content (TF) and uptake (TF') in maize. Additionally, F. mosseae promoted P and S uptake by shoots, and D. spurcum increased P and S uptake by roots. Moreover, highly significant negative correlations were found between antioxidant capacity and the HO, MDA, and heavy metal contents, and there was a positive correlation with the biomass of maize leaves. These results suggested that AMF alleviated plant toxicity and that this effect was closely related to antioxidant activation in the maize leaves and increased retention of heavy metals in the roots.
在这项研究中，我们通过盆栽植物实验研究了丛枝菌根真菌（AMF）摩西管柄囊霉（Funneliformis mosseae）和双型孢囊霉（Diversispora spurcum）对重金属污染土壤中玉米（Zea mays L.）生长、抗氧化生理和磷（P）、硫（S）、铅（Pb）、锌（Zn）、镉（Cd）和砷（As）吸收的影响。摩西管柄囊霉显著增加了植物叶绿素 a 含量、株高和生物量；降低了 H2O2 和丙二醛（MDA）含量；并增强了超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性以及总抗氧化能力（T-AOC）在玉米叶片中；双型孢囊霉则没有观察到这种效果。摩西管柄囊霉和双型孢囊霉都促进了重金属在根部的保留，并增加了 Pb、Zn、Cd 和 As 的吸收，两种真菌都限制了重金属的转移，导致地上部分 Pb、Zn 和 Cd 含量降低。因此，真菌降低了玉米中重金属含量（TF）和吸收（TF'）的迁移因子。此外，摩西管柄囊霉促进了地上部 P 和 S 的吸收，双型孢囊霉增加了根部 P 和 S 的吸收。此外，抗氧化能力与 H2O2、MDA 和重金属含量之间存在高度显著的负相关关系，与玉米叶片生物量之间存在正相关关系。这些结果表明，AMF 缓解了植物毒性，这种效应与玉米叶片中抗氧化剂的激活密切相关，并增加了重金属在根部的保留。
