Zhang Ying-Ying, Zhang Cheng, Han Xiao-Rong, Li Wei, Wang Ying-Lei
Outpatient Department, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Department of Neurology, Zouping County People's Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong Department of Respiratory Intervention, Qilu Children's Hospital of Shandong University Nursing Department Urology Department, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China.
Medicine (Baltimore). 2018 Jun;97(26):e11086. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000011086.
Compassionate care is essential for better clinical and patient outcomes, but during healthcare provision it can be compromised by several factors. This study evaluates factors affecting compassion satisfaction, compassion fatigue and burnout in nursing.
Literature search in electronic databases was followed by data extraction, conversion, and meta-analyses under random effect model. Correlation coefficients (r) reported by individual studies were first converted to z-scores for meta-analyses and the overall effect sizes were then back-transformed into r.
Eleven studies (4054 respondents; 64.34 [95% confidence interval: 38.82, 89.86] % response rate; age 39.81 [31.36, 48.27] years; 87.11 [79.48, 94.73] % females) were used for meta-analysis. There was a strong positive correlation between compassion fatigue and burnout (r = 0.59), whereas compassion satisfaction had weak negative correlation with compassion fatigue (r = -0.226) but moderate with burnout (r = -0.446). Stress and negative affect were moderately positively associated with compassion fatigue (r = 0.405) but weakly correlated with burnout (r = 0.119). Positive affect and personal/social factors had weak inverse relationship with burnout (r = -0.197). Positive affect also had a moderately positive relationship with compassion satisfaction (r = 0.396). Demographic or professional factors were not significantly related to compassion satisfaction, compassion fatigue, or burnout.
In nursing, a variety of stressful factors and negative affect promote compassion fatigue and burnout whereas positive affect is helpful in achieving compassion satisfaction.
关怀护理对于改善临床和患者结局至关重要，但在医疗服务过程中，它可能会受到多种因素的影响。本研究评估影响护理人员关怀满意度、同情疲劳和职业倦怠的因素。
在电子数据库中进行文献检索，随后在随机效应模型下进行数据提取、转换和荟萃分析。各研究报告的相关系数（r）首先转换为z分数以进行荟萃分析，然后将总体效应量再转换回r。
11项研究（4054名受访者；回复率为64.34 [95%置信区间：38.82, 89.86]%；年龄为39.81 [31.36, 48.27]岁；87.11 [79.48, 94.73]%为女性）用于荟萃分析。同情疲劳与职业倦怠之间存在强正相关（r = 0.59），而关怀满意度与同情疲劳呈弱负相关（r = -0.226），与职业倦怠呈中度负相关（r = -0.446）。压力和负面影响与同情疲劳呈中度正相关（r = 0.405），但与职业倦怠弱相关（r = 0.119）。积极情绪和个人/社会因素与职业倦怠呈弱负相关（r = -0.197）。积极情绪与关怀满意度也呈中度正相关（r = 0.396）。人口统计学或专业因素与关怀满意度、同情疲劳或职业倦怠无显著相关性。
在护理工作中，多种压力因素和负面影响会促进同情疲劳和职业倦怠，而积极情绪有助于实现关怀满意度。
