Department of Community Health, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Department of Community Health, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Obes Res Clin Pract. 2018 Nov-Dec;12(6):493-499. doi: 10.1016/j.orcp.2018.06.003. Epub 2018 Jun 28.
Women of childbearing age are predisposed to becoming overweight or obese. This study determines the mean, prevalence and factors associated with 6 months postpartum weight retention among urban Malaysian mothers.
A prospective cohort study was conducted at baseline (after delivery), 2, 4 and 6 months postpartum. From 638 eligible mothers initially recruited, 420 completed until 6 months. Dependent variable was weight retention, defined as difference between weight at 6 months postpartum and pre-pregnancy weight, and weight retention ≥5kg was considered excessive. Independent variables included socio-demographic, history of pregnancy and delivery, lifestyle, practices and traditional postpartum practices.
Average age was 29.61±4.71years, majority (83.3%) were Malays, 58.8% (low education), 70.0% (employed), 65.2% (middle income family), 33.8% (primiparous) and 66.7% (normal/instrumental delivery). Average gestational weight gain was 12.90±5.18kg. Mean postpartum weight retention was 3.12±4.76kg, 33.8% retaining ≥5kg. Bivariable analysis showed low income, primiparity, gestational weight gain ≥12kg, less active physically, higher energy, protein, carbohydrate and fat intake in diet, never using hot stone compression and not continuing breastfeeding were significantly associated with higher 6 months postpartum weight retention. From multivariable linear regression analysis, less active physically, higher energy intake in diet, gestational weight gain ≥12kg, not continuing breastfeeding 6 months postpartum and never using hot stone compression could explain 55.1% variation in 6 months postpartum weight retention.
Women need to control gestational weight gain, remain physically active, reduce energy intake, breastfeed for at least 6 months and use hot stone compression to prevent high postpartum weight retention.
生育年龄的女性容易超重或肥胖。本研究旨在确定马来西亚城市母亲产后 6 个月体重滞留的平均值、流行率和相关因素。
本前瞻性队列研究于基线（分娩后）、产后 2、4 和 6 个月进行。最初招募了 638 名符合条件的母亲，其中 420 名完成了 6 个月的随访。因变量为体重滞留，定义为产后 6 个月体重与孕前体重的差值，体重滞留≥5kg 被认为是过多的。自变量包括社会人口统计学、妊娠和分娩史、生活方式、实践和传统产后实践。
平均年龄为 29.61±4.71 岁，大多数（83.3%）为马来人，58.8%（低教育水平），70.0%（就业），65.2%（中等收入家庭），33.8%（初产妇）和 66.7%（正常/器械分娩）。平均妊娠增重为 12.90±5.18kg。产后体重滞留的平均值为 3.12±4.76kg，33.8%的人滞留≥5kg。单变量分析显示，低收入、初产妇、妊娠增重≥12kg、身体活动较少、能量、蛋白质、碳水化合物和脂肪摄入较高、从未使用热石按摩和未持续母乳喂养与产后 6 个月体重滞留较高显著相关。多元线性回归分析显示，身体活动较少、饮食中能量摄入较高、妊娠增重≥12kg、产后 6 个月未持续母乳喂养以及从未使用热石按摩可解释产后 6 个月体重滞留变化的 55.1%。
女性需要控制妊娠体重增加，保持身体活跃，减少能量摄入，至少母乳喂养 6 个月，并使用热石按摩，以防止产后体重滞留过高。
